基于MSPA和MCR模型的南昌市生态网络构建与优化

Construction and Optimization of Ecological Network of Nanchang City Based on MSPA and MCR Model

[目的]构建科学合理的南昌市生态网络,寻找生态网络中存在的问题及优化对策,为该市自然生态系统、生物多样性的保护及城市可持续发展规划与管理提供科学依据。[方法]基于形态学空间格局分析(morphological spatial pattern analysis,MSPA)方法与景观连接度指数进行生态源地选择,考虑自然、人为因素构建综合阻力面,利用最小累积阻力模型(minimum cumulative resistance,MCR)提取生态廊道,最终构建南昌市生态网络。[结果]①基于MSPA与景观连通性指数所提取的生态源地主要分布在西部、北部及东部生境质量较高、连通性较好的地区。②南昌市整体阻力呈现中部高、四周低的特征,生态廊道空间分布不均且结构单一。基于重力模型识别的重要廊道主要分布于东部、北部城市边缘的林地和水域。[结论]建议加强对核心生境斑块的保护,增加生态源地,修复生态断裂点,优化网络连接。结合MSPA与景观性指数的方法可以有效地将生态质量好、连通性较高的斑块作为生态源地,在今后的发展还需要注重对生态用地的保护,提高区域景观连通性。

[Objective]The ecological networks in Nanchang City were constructed scientifically and rationally,and the optimal strategies for the defects of the ecological network were researched,in order to provide a scientific basis for ecological construction and help to guide urban planning for biodiversity conservation.[Methods]Based on morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA)and landscape connectivity index,the ecological source was selected,the comprehensive resistance surface was constructed considering natural and human factors,the ecological corridor was extracted by minimum cumulative resistance(MCR),and finally the ecological network of Nanchang City was constructed.[Results]The ecological source areas were mainly distributed in the western,northern and eastern regions with higher habitat quality and better connectivity.The distribution characteristic of resistance value was high in the middle area while low in the fringe areas.The spatial distribution of ecological corridor was uneven and the structure was single.The important corridors identified based on gravity model were mainly distributed in the eastern and northern urban fringe area.[Conclusion]It was suggested to strengthen the protection of core habitat patches,increase ecological sources,repair ecological fracture points and optimize network connection.The combination of MSPA and landscape index can effectively identify ecological sources with good ecological quality and high connectivity.In future,we also need to pay attention to the protection of ecological land and improve the landscape connectivity.