纤维型人工肌肉的研究进展

Recent Progress in Fiber Artificial Muscles

近年来,随着人工智能领域的不断发展,柔性机器人开始兴起.为了满足人们对人机交互和环境适应性的新要求,柔性驱动器作为柔性机器人的关键部件受到了广泛的关注.人工肌肉作为最常见的柔性驱动器之一,它对外界刺激反应迅速,并且能够响应刺激产生旋转,收缩和伸长等运动.在各种人工肌肉中,纤维型人工肌肉以其优异的驱动性能和广阔的应用前景引起了越来越多学者的研究兴趣.本文主要介绍了纤维型人工肌肉的制备机理,总结了纤维型人工肌肉的驱动方式,包括电热驱动、热驱动、电化学驱动、湿度驱动和光驱动,详细介绍了纤维型人工肌肉的研究进展和应用情况,并对未来人工肌肉的发展进行了展望.

In recent years,soft robots have attracted great attention with the continuous development of artificial intelligence.Flexible actuators and artificial muscles,which are the key components of soft robots,have attracted extensive studies in order to meet the requirements of human-machine interaction and environmental adaptability of soft robots.Soft actuators can overcome the drawbacks of traditional actuators,such as complex structure,bulk volume,and rigidity,which also expand new ideas for the development of future intelligent equipment.Artificial muscles,as one of the most common flexible actuators,has aroused extensive research interest.Artificial muscles respond quickly to external stimuli,producing movements such as rotation,contraction,and elongation.Artificial muscles are expected to be widely used in artificial intelligence,intelligent manufacturing,biomedicine,robotics and other fields.Among different kinds of artificial muscles,fiber-based artificial muscles have attracted more and more scholars’interest due to its excellent driving performance and broad application prospect.This review paper mainly introduces the preparation mechanism of fiber artificial muscles,and summarizes the fiber artificial muscles with different driving modes,including electro-driven,thermally driven,electrochemical driven,humidity driven,and light driven.In addition,the research progresses and application of fiber-based artificial muscles are introduced in detail.We also discussed the perspective development of fiber artificial muscle in the future.