以马克思的需要理论理解“美好生活”

On Understand“Better Life”in Marx’s Theory of Need

“美好生活”是能满足人的合理需要的生活,从马克思的需要理论出发才能建构起对“美好生活”的科学认识。作为价值理想的“美好生活”是“需要”全面性的实现,是满足每个人全面合理需要的生活。“美好生活”的时代内容是美好生活在不同时代的具体形态,揭示了不同时代人们对美好生活要求的差异性。“需要”的主体性建构起“美好生活”的主体意蕴,从根本上反对异化“需要”和异化劳动基础上的异化生活。马克思需要理论视域中“美好生活”的价值理想、时代内容和主体意蕴是相互联系、相互规定的有机整体,共同构成了“美好生活”的基本内涵。

“Better Life”is a life that can satisfy the reasonable needs of human beings.Only by starting from Marx’s theory of needs can we construct a scientific understanding of“Better Life”.As a value ideal,Better Life shows overall aspects of human needs,and it is a life that satisfies everyone's comprehensive and reasonable needs.The contemporary contents of"Better Life"are the specific forms of Better Life in different times,which reveal the differences of people’s specific requirements for good life in different times.The subjec-tivity of need constructs the subjective connotation of“Better Life”and fundamentally opposes the alienated need and alienated life based on alienated labor.In the view of Marx's need theory,the value ideal,the contem-porary contents and the subjective connotation of“Better Life”construct of an organic integrity which is inter-related and stipulated by each part,and together constitute the basic connotation of“Better Life”.