废棉再生气凝胶/经编间隔织物复合材料的制备及其性能

Preparation and properties of waste cotton regenerative aerogel/warp-knitted spacer fabric composites

针对废旧纺织品制备纤维素气凝胶存在强度低、脆性高、韧性差的问题,将废旧棉花溶解在氢氧化钠/尿素水溶液体系中得到棉纤维素气凝胶(CFA),然后将经编间隔织物(WKSF)与其进行原位复合,经冷冻干燥得到CFA/WKSF复合材料,并对其形貌、压缩和隔热性能进行分析与研究。结果表明:CFA/WKSF复合材料保持了气凝胶的多孔网状结构;WKSF的加入使CFA的力学性能得到提高,其中编链和衬纬结构WKSF的加入使得CFA的压缩弹性模量和屈服强度分别提高了180%和450%,六角形网孔结构WKSF的加入使得CFA的压缩弹性模量和屈服强度分别提高了70%和312%;加入六角形网孔结构WKSF后,CFA/WKSF复合材料的导热系数相比CFA仅增加5%,仍具有良好的隔热性。

Aimed at the problem that cellulose aerogel has low strength,high brittleness,and poor toughness,cotton was used as the raw material and dissolved it in the sodium hydroxide/urea aqueous solution system to obtain cotton cellulose aerogel(CFA),which was then combined with the warp-knitted spacer fabric(WKSF)in-situ composite to develop a new type of CFA/WKSF composite.A series of researches were finally conducted to analyze the morphology and performance such as compression and insulation of the new type of material.The results show that CFA/WKSF composite maintains the porous mesh structure of aerogel,and the use of WKSF of chain and inlay structure increases the compression elastic module and yield strength of CFA by 180%and 450%,respectively,and WKSF of hexagonal mesh structure increases the compression elastic module and yield strength of CFA by 70%and 312%,respectively.With the use of hexagonal mesh structure of WKSF,the thermal conductivity of CFA/WKSF composite aerogel is grown only by 5%,indicating excellent insulation of the composite material.