基于理性主义的“范式”流变考察

A Research of the Definition of“Paradigm”Based on Rationalism

库恩的范式理论产生了超出科学哲学界的巨大影响。然而,库恩在“范式”定义上的模糊性也招致了大量批评。库恩在晚年放弃了“范式”一词,但为时已晚,他承认“范式”一词已失控。鉴于“范式”一词已成为人们的日常用语,在各领域具有举足轻重的地位,以理性主义立场重新考察该概念及其定义就具有重要意义。库恩在《科学革命的结构》中展现出的矛盾的立场,为反驳相对主义的“范式”定义提供了线索。无论是在范式的诞生还是崩溃阶段,技术实践都发挥着举足轻重的作用。

Kuhn’s paradigm theory has had a great influence beyond the scientific philosophy.However,Kuhn’s vague definition of“paradigm”has also attracted a lot of criticism.It was too late for Kuhn to abandon the word“paradigm”in his later years.He admitted that the word“paradigm”was out of control.Since the word“paradigm”has become a daily term and plays a pivotal role in various fields,it is important to re-examine the concept and its definition from a rationalist standpoint.Kuhn showed a contradictory position in The Structure of the Scientific Revolution,providing clues to refute the definition of“paradigm”of relativism.Technical practice plays an important role in both the birth and collapse of paradigms.