从多元概念到统一定义——动物福利科学元范式形成的研究

From Multiple Concepts to Unified Definition:Research on the Evolution of the Meta-Paradigm of Animal Welfare Science

大学动物福利联盟于1926年成立,并正式将“动物福利”作为科学概念提出,初步在实验动物领域实践与发展了与此概念相关的科学与技术。第二次世界大战后,随着集约化养殖方式下的动物福利问题日益突出,科学界展开了关于“动物福利”科学定义的热烈探讨,呈现出多元化的察思与研究方式。至20世纪90年代,统一的“动物福利”定义得以形成,并在广泛的领域内被逐渐认可,成为动物福利科学建制化的重要基础。“动物福利”源于伦理关切,但最终成为一门独立、完备的科学,这反映出其概念与定义的“元范式”内涵,并展现了该范式历经演变走向成熟的过程。

In order to solve issues of laboratory animals that aroused fierce controversy in British society,the UFAW was established in 1926 and formally proposed“Animal Welfare”as a scientific concept.After the Second World War,as issues of animal welfare under intensive farming system became increasingly prominent,the scientific community launched discussions on the scientific definition of“animal welfare”,presenting a diversified approach to speculation and research.By the 1990s,a unified definition of“animal welfare”was formed and gradually recognized in a wide range of fields,becoming an important foundation for the institutionalization of animal welfare science.“Animal welfare”originated from ethical concerns,but eventually became an independent and complete science,which reflects a“meta-paradigm”connotation of its concept and definition,and shows the process of its evolution to maturity.