一种制造过程典型含能物料热危险性分级新方法

A new method for thermal hazard grading of typical process materials

绝热条件下最大反应速率到达时间(TMR_(ad))是评价物料热危险性的重要参数。针对目前制造过程含能物料热危险性难以定量分级的问题,为定量获取物料热危险性分级,基于重大危险源定量评估方法(BZA⁃1法)中热危险性分级方法,结合“苏黎世”危险分析法,以TMR_(ad)为标准划分热危险性等级,提出一种制造过程含能物料热危险性分级新方法。新方法结合物料自身分解特性、工艺操作温度及操作时间对物料热危险性进行分级评价。以典型火炸药物料为研究对象,采用绝热加速量热法进行实验,对热危险性分级新方法进行了应用研究。结果表明,含硝酸酯类推进剂物料QW、GS⁃1、GS⁃2热危险等级为3~6级,复合推进剂物料FH为1级,发射药物料SF⁃1、SF⁃2、SG及混合炸药物料HZ⁃1、HZ⁃2均为1级。热危险性分级与实际工艺情况相符,新方法适用于制造过程物料。

Time to maximum rate under adiabatic condition(TMR_(ad))is an important parameter for evaluating the thermal hazard of materials.In view of the lack of quantitative grading method for thermal hazard of energetic materials in manufacturing process,a new method for grading thermal hazard quantitatively was proposed based on the methods of BZA⁃1 and ZHA by using TMRad as the standard.The decomposition characteristics of energetic materials,the operation temperature and the operation time were comprehen⁃sively considered to evaluate the thermal hazard.The new method was further verified by adiabatic accelerated calorimetry tests for typical explosives.The results show that the thermal hazard grades of propellant materials containing nitrates,such as QW,GS⁃1,GS⁃2,are 3~6,while all the grade of composite propellant materials FH,propellant materials such as HZ⁃1,HZ⁃2,SF⁃1,and mixed ex⁃plosive materials such as SF⁃2,SG are 1.The results are consistent with the actual process,therefore sheding lights on the thermal hazard grading of process materials.