苏州市中小学生非同日3时点血压测量结果

Prevalence of hypertension based on three separate visits among primary and middle school students in Suzhou City

目的分析江苏省苏州市中小学生非同日3时点血压测量结果,为儿童青少年高血压综合防治提供依据。方法于2020年9—12月采用分层整群抽样方法抽取苏州市7~17岁中小学生进行问卷调查,测量非同日3时点血压、身高和体重,并依据WS/T 610—2018《7岁~18岁儿童青少年血压偏高筛查界值》分析3个时点的血压偏高检出率及其影响因素。结果共调查中小学生3713人,其中男生1924人,占51.82%;女生1789人,占48.18%。非同日3时点血压偏高率为13.63%、5.36%和3.37%,3时点测量血压均偏高(高血压)检出率为3.37%。12~17岁学生3时点血压偏高率(16.90%、8.40%、5.26%)均高于7~<12岁学生(9.65%、1.67%、1.07%,P<0.05)。第1时点血压偏高率男生高于女生(15.23%和11.91%,P<0.05),后2个时点男生和女生血压偏高率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。肥胖(27.62%、11.51%、7.06%)和超重学生(17.45%、6.95%、4.85%)血压偏高率均高于体重正常学生(9.44%、3.54%、2.15%);除第3时点外,肥胖学生血压偏高率均高于超重学生(P<0.017)。结论苏州市中小学生非同日3时点高血压检出率为3.37%,非同日3时点测量可降低儿童青少年高血压测量结果的假阳性,减少高血压误诊。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension among primary and middle school students living in Suzhou City,Jiangsu Province,so as to provide insights into comprehensive hypertension control among children and adolescents.Methods Primary and middle school students at ages of 7 to 17 years were recruited for a questionnaire survey in Suzhou City using the stratified cluster random sampling method from September to December,2020,and the height and body weight were measured.Blood pressure was measured at three separate clinic visits according to the na⁃tional criteria Reference of Screening for Elevated Blood Pressure among Children and Adolescents Aged 7-18 Years(WS/T 610-2018),and the detection of elevated blood pressure was estimated at three separate visits.In addition,fac⁃tors affecting elevated blood pressure were identified.Results A total of 3713 students were enrolled,including 1924 boys(51.82%)and 1789 girls(48.18%).The detection of elevated blood pressure was 13.63%,5.36%,and 3.37%at three separate visits,respectively,and the prevalence of hypertension(elevated blood pressure at all three visits)was 3.37%.The detection rates of elevated blood pressure were all higher at three visits(16.90%,8.40%,and 5.26%)among students at ages of 12 to 17 years than among students at ages of 7 to 11 years(9.65%,1.67%,and 1.07%,P<0.05).The detection of elevated blood pressure was significantly higher in boys(15.23%)than in girls(11.91%)at the first visit(P<0.05),while no significant differences were seen at the second or third visit(P>0.05).In addition,higher detection rates of elevated blood pressure were seen in obese(27.62%,11.51%,and 7.06%)and overweight students(17.45%,6.95%,and 4.85%)than in students with normal weight(9.44%,3.54%,and 2.15%)at all three visits,and greater detection rates of elevated blood pressure were found in obese students than in overweight students at the first and second visits(P<0.017).Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension was 3.37%based on three separate visits among primary and middle school students in Suzhou City.Measurement of blood pressure at three separate visits within different days is effective to reduce the false positive rate of hypertension and decrease misdiagnosis among children and adolescents.