蒙古帝国时期的东西方贸易

East-West Trade During the Mongol Empire

1200年到1400年,蒙古帝国对欧亚大陆的统治开创了近两个世纪的“蒙古和平”。尽管不少学者对和平的真实性表示怀疑,但单纯从物质文化交流的角度看,蒙古帝国始终是和平的。在这样一个和平安全的环境中,东西方贸易得以迅速发展。贸易的繁荣有力地推动了欧亚各地的商业发展,商品种类极大丰富,商业城市高度繁盛,商贸路线开放畅通,商人活动范围空前扩大。虽然,蒙古人之间的不和与冲突对东西方贸易的发展产生了一些不利影响,但从大环境来看还是利大于弊,至少相较蒙古帝国之前有了很大改善。

From 1200 to 1400,the rule of Mongol Empire over Eurasia ushered in nearly two centuries"Mongol Pax".From the view of material and cultural exchanges,the Mongol Empire was always peaceful,though many scholars doubted the authenticity of peace.In such a peaceful and secure environment,trade between the East and the West developed rapidly.The boom in trade gave a powerful boost to commerce throughout Eurasia,the variety of commodities was extremely rich,commercial cities were highly prosperous,trade routes were open and unimpeded,and the scope of merchants activities were expanding unprecedentedly.Although,the disharmony and conflict had some negative effects on the development of trade between the East and the West,the overall situation was more positive than negative,at least compared to the pre-Mongol period.