生育对女性收入的影响研究

The Effect of Birth on Wage of Chinese Female Workers

本文基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS2016)数据,全面考察子女数量对女性收入的因果效应。根据研究显示,中国实施“二孩政策”之后,女性的生育意愿提高,女性如多生育一个孩子,收入会显著降低14.1%,而生育对男性的收入没有显著影响。如果“二孩政策”的实施达到预期的政策目标,那么女性的收入很可能随生育率的提高而下降,从而扩大性别收入差距。所以,应完善相关法律法规,帮助女性缓解家庭和工作间的矛盾,降低劳动力市场对女性的就业歧视。

Based on the data of the Chinese Family Tracking Survey(CFPS2016),this article comprehensively investigates the causal effect of the number of children on women's income.According to research,after the implementation of the“two-child policy”in China,women’s willingness to bear children has increased.If women give birth to one more child,their income will be significantly reduced by 14.1%,while childbirth has no significant impact on men’s income.If the implementation of the“two-child policy”achieves the expected policy goals,then women's income is likely to decline as the fertility rate increases,thereby widening the gender income gap.Therefore,relevant laws and regulations should be improved to help women ease the conflicts between family and work,and reduce employment discrimination against women in the labor market.