三维脉动热管耦合相变材料的传热与节能特性研究

Heat Transfer and Energy Saving Characteristics of 3D Pulsating Heat Pipe Coupled with Phase Change Materials

为研究三维脉动热管与相变材料耦合系统的传热与节能特性,本文搭建了三维脉动热管/相变材料耦合模块实验台,使用甲醇、乙醇和丙酮3种工质对充液率为34%、44%的三维脉动热管进行研究,建立了耦合模块的热阻模型,定义了耦合模块的热阻变化率;研究了在变送风温度(3~9 m/s)和速度(20~26℃)条件下耦合模块的热阻变化规律和节能特性。结果表明:耦合模块的热阻随送风温度的升高而增大,随送风速度的增大而减小;充液率为34%的耦合模块热阻变化率大于充液率为44%的耦合模块热阻变化率,甲醇工质在80 W和120 W加热功率下的热阻变化率分别为48.2%和48.7%,均高于相同条件下的乙醇和丙酮工质;与数据中心传统冷却方式相比,在80 W加热功率下,制冷系统的风机和IT设备的芯片每年可分别节能143.61 kW·h和176.82 kW·h。

3D pulsating heat pipes and phase change materials(PCMs)can be used for energy-efficient data centers.In this study an experimental bench of a 3D pulsating heat pipe/PCM module was built to study the heat transfer and energy saving characteristics of the coupled system.The 3D pulsating heat pipe with two liquid-filling rates of 34%and 44%was studied using three working materials,methanol,ethanol,and acetone.The thermal resistance model of the coupling module was established,and the thermal resistance variation rate of the coupling module was defined.The thermal resistance variation and energy-saving characteristics of the coupling module were studied under conditions of variable air temperature(20-26℃)and velocity(3-9 m/s).In addition,the thermal resistance and energy-saving characteristics of the coupling module were studied.The results show that the thermal resistance change rate of the coupling module with 34%liquid filling rate is higher than that of the liquid filling rate of 44%,in which the thermal resistance change rates using methanol at 80 W and 120 W heating power are 48.2%and 48.7%,respectively.These are higher than those using ethanol and acetone under the same conditions.Compared with the traditional cooling method of data centers,the fans and chips can save 143.61 kW·h and 176.82 kW·h per year under 80 W heating power,respectively.