突发公共卫生事件对护士身心健康影响的随机对照研究

A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effects of Public Health Emergency on Nurses’Psychosomatic Health

目的:探讨突发公共卫生事件对疫线护士和非疫线护士的身心健康影响的差异。方法:采用精神压力测量仪和问卷调查法评估甘肃省定点抗疫医院护士的身心健康,实验组是疫线工作结束后进入医学观察期的护士,对照组是非疫线护士。主要研究结果是自主神经系统稳定性、心理压力、身体压力、心脏稳定性和异常心搏。结果:来自甘肃省5家定点救治医院的344名护士参与此次调查研究,其中男护士40名,女护士304名。两组之间的基线资料差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组护士的自主神经系统活性和自主神经系统不稳定的频数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。实验组抗压能力低于对照组,心理压力指数和异常心搏次数高于对照组,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但两组护士身体压力指数差异无统计学意义(P=0.10)。实验组高疲劳指数、心脏不稳定性护士多于后方护士,但两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:根据突发公共卫生事件的性质、对个体的心身健康的影响程度合理调配参与现场处置的护士,并及时进行心身健康状况测量,进行相关的心理干预支持。

Objective:Research the difference in the impact of public health emergency(PHE)on the psychosomatic health of frontline nurses and rear nurses.Methods:Heart rate variability analysis system(HRV,SA-3000P)and questionnaire survey were used to evaluate the psychosomatic health of the nurses in the designated anti-epidemic hospital in Gansu province.The experimental group was frontline nurses who worked for 14 days on the front line and then were quarantined 14 days,and the control group was rear nurses who worked normally 28 days.The main observational indicators were autonomic nervous system stability(ANSS),psychological stress,physical stress,cardiac stability,and abnormal heartbeat.Results:A total of 344 subjects were participated in this study which included 40 males and 304 females,and there were no significant difference in baseline data between two groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the frequency of autonomic nervous system activity(ANSA)and ANSS between two groups(P>0.05).The anti-stress ability of experimental group was lower than that of the control group,the psychological stress index and abnormal heartbeat frequency of experimental group was higher than that of the control group,the difference between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05),but there was no statistically significant difference in the physical stress index between the two groups(P=0.10).The higher fatigue index and cardiac instability frequency of experimental group were higher than control group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion:The deployment of nurses to participate in the frontline treatment should be based on the nature of PHE and its impact on the psychosomatic health of nurses.Managers need to timely assess the psychosomatic health status of nurses and provide relevant psychological support.