妊娠期高血压疾病各期病重程度对新生儿听力筛查影响的临床研究

Clinical Study on the Effect of Severity of Hypertension Disorders Complicating Pregnancy on Neonatal Hearing Screening

目的:探讨妊娠期高血压疾病各期病重程度对新生儿听力筛查的影响。方法:从产科有妊娠期高血压疾病(HDP)史的儿童(365例),按照所患HDP病重程度分为低风险组(250例)和高风险组(115例),每人都做TEOAE和AABR听力学测试,对照组选择产科母亲顺产无HDP病史的婴儿(2815例)做比较。结果:母亲无HDP的新生儿的听力初筛未通过率为14.81%(417/2815),听力复筛未通过率为11.27%(47/417);母亲低风险组有HDP的新生儿听力初筛未通过率为22.00%(55/250),听力复筛未通过率为18.18.%(10/55);母亲高风险组有HDP的新生儿听力初筛未通过率为36.52%(42/115),听力复筛未通过率为42.85%(18/42)。两组对比听力学第一次检查、再次检查未通过率,两组之间差异率均有临床意义(分别为P<0.01和P<0.05)。结论:母亲有妊娠期高血压疾病对新生儿听力筛查的结果有严重影响,母亲为重度HDP者听力障碍检出率高。母亲所患HDP病情越重,对新生儿听力危害性越大。

Objective:To investigate the effect of severity of hypertension disorders complicating pregnancy on neonatal hearing screening.Methods:Children with a history of HDP in Obstetrics(365 cases)were divided into low-risk group(250 cases)and high-risk group(115 cases)according to the severity of HDP.Everyone underwent TEOAE and AABR audiological tests.In the control group,2815 infants(2815 cases)born naturally by obstetric mothers without history of HDP were selected for comparison.Results:The failure rate of primary hearing screening was 14.81%(417/2815)and the failure rate of secondary hearing screening was 11.27%(47/417)in newborns without HDP;the failure rate of primary hearing screening for newborns with HDD in the low risk group was 22.00%(55/250)and the failure rate of secondary hearing screening was 18.18%(10/55);the failure rate of hearing screening for newborns with high risk of HDP was 36.52%(42/115),and the failure rate of secondary hearing screening was 42.85%(18/42).The failure rates of the first and second audiological examination were compared between the two groups.The difference rates between the two groups were clinically significant(P<0.01 and P<0.05,respectively).Conclusion:Mothers with hypertension disorders complicating pregnancy have a serious impact on the results of neonatal hearing screening.The detection rate of hearing impairment is high in mothers with severe HDP.The more severe the mother’s HDP,the greater the harm to the newborn’s hearing.