丸山真男的民主主义观探析

An Analysis of Masao Maruyama’s Views on Democracy

丸山真男的民主主义观主要建立在持续思考和探索"如何确立作为国家原理的民主主义"的基础之上。战后日本面临着建设民主国家的重要任务,丸山真男作为战后民主主义的"旗手"从思想层面引领着时代发展潮流,不仅关注承担民主国家建设主体的具有自由主体人格的建构,而且还注重将民主主义理念不断付诸实践,以一名"践行者"的身份采取"知行并举"的方式,不断推动日本的民主主义革命走向深入。丸山真男主张战后日本的民主主义并非"毕其功于一役"所能成就,而是一场绵延不绝的"永久革命"。从丸山真男论及民主主义的相关著述及其行动取向来看,其民主主义观具有鲜明的"革命性""实践性"及"永恒性"的本质特征。

Masao Maruyama’s views on democracy were mainly based on his continuous thinking and exploration of“how to establish democracy as the principle of the state”.After World War Ⅱ,Japan faced the difficult task of building a democratic state.Masao Maruyama,as the standard-bearer of post-war democracy in Japan,played a leading role in the formation of a democratic ideology.He not only emphasized the construction of a liberal individualist democratic state,but also continuously practiced democratic ideas.Therefore,he promoted the deepening of the Japanese democratic revolution through his capacity of knowledge and practice as a“statesman”.Maruyama believed that Japan’s postwar democracy required a continuous permanent democratic revolution.From his works and activities concerning democracy,his democratic views and characteristics were distinctively revolutionary,practical and permanent.