环境法典自然生态保护编构想

Conception of the Nature and Ecologyical of the Environmental Code

对自然的法律保护经历了从资源、环境二分到环境资源一体的演变过程。可持续发展要求以环境资源辩证统一的整体自然观为基础,着眼生态系统的整体保护,实现自然财富公有共享、环境资源治理融合趋同,推动基于生态系统的环境资源综合管理。我国现行自然保护法虽存在分要素多头治理的弊端,但正在向生态整体保护的综合治理演进。环境法典须全力保障其实现,为此须妥善选择名称与范围,合理确定目标与方法,建立多层、多元的复合体系,集中处理好五大关系。

Nature protection legislations have evolved from the separation into combination between the conceptions of nature and environment. It is necessary for the achievement of the sustainable development to construct institutions on the basis of the overall natural idea that combined environment and nature, protect the nature system on the whole, hold the nature wealth in common and share the benefits by the public, protect the environment and natural resources with similar ideas and institutions, use comprehensive management on the basis of ecological system. The nature protection laws in China suffer sectoral and fragmental, they are evolving toward the integrated management of all the ecology, which should be one of the main goals of Environmental Code. Environmental Code should decide its name and jurisdiction carefully, make its goals and methods reasonably, build a comprehensive system with multi levels and visions, deal with five pairs of relations wisely.