干冰射流除积碳/油垢试验与仿真模拟研究

Experiment and Simulation Study on Removing Carbon/Grease Deposits with Dry Ice Jet

航空发动机、汽车发动机的零组件常产生积碳和油垢,影响发动机性能和设备安全,故常需清洗。但现有的化学清洗技术和机械清洗技术存在操作难、污染高、效率低、易刮伤零件等缺点。为解决上述问题,提出干冰射流清洗技术,分别对发动机活塞顶部积碳和变速箱换挡盖油垢进行清洗。结果表明:发动机表面积碳在干冰射流的撞击下极易脱落,清洗效率达95%以上;油垢在干冰射流的撞击下也极易脱落,仅需约131 s的时间就可以把面积为50 cm2的油垢清除干净。因此,干冰射流清洗技术在发动机积碳和变速箱换挡盖油垢的清洗方面具有重大应用前景。

The components of aero-engine and auto-engine often produce carbon deposit and grease deposit, which affect engine performance and equipment safety, so it needs to be cleaned frequently. The existing chemical cleaning technology and mechanical cleaning technology have the defects of difficult operation, high pollution, low efficiency and easiness in scratching parts. In order to solve the above problems, dry-ice jet cleaning technology is proposed to clean the carbon deposit on the top of the engine piston and the greasy dirt on the shift cover of the gearbox. The results show that the carbon deposit on the engine surface is easy to fall off under the impact of the dry-ice jet, and the cleaning efficiency reaches more than 95%;the greasy dirt is easy to fall off under the impact of the dry-ice jet, and the greasy deposit with the area of 50 cm2 could be removed in only 131 s. Therefore, the dry-ice jet cleaning technology has a great application prospect in the cleaning of engine carbon deposition and gearbox greasy dirt.