基于粒子收敛机制的WSN覆盖算法

Wireless sensor networks coverage algorithm based on particle convergence mechanism

为解决无线传感网运行过程中存在的覆盖冗余和覆盖空洞等问题,提出了一种基于粒子收敛机制的无线传感网技术覆盖算法.首先,采用预设机制,在网络中预部署若干具有覆盖能力的动态锚节点,设计了基于均衡锚预设机制的收敛覆盖方法,以提高锚节点的覆盖精度和布撒均衡性,根据锚节点定位偏移构建收敛覆盖函数,将聚集的锚节点予以位移处理,以增强锚节点的覆盖效果,提高网络初始化过程中的覆盖能力.然后,结合锚节点坐标及通信距离等参数,设计了基于惯性权重调节机制的节点乖离方法,利用惯性权重对锚节点进行乖离处理,并使用遍历方案对锚节点逐个进行校正处理,从而提高了节点的乖离程度,覆盖均衡效果优越.仿真实验表明,与当前常用的基于拓扑优化覆盖策略的无线传感网技术覆盖算法和基于能量平衡和参数受控机制的WSN覆盖算法相比,所提算法具有网络覆盖率较高及网络生存时间较长的特点.

In order to solve the problems of coverage redundancy and coverage holes in wireless sensor networks,a wireless sensor networks coverage algorithm based on particle convergence mechanism is proposed.Firstly,a number of dynamic anchor nodes with coverage ability are pre-deployed in the network by using the preset mechanism.A convergence coverage method based on balanced anchor preset mechanism is designed to improve the coverage accuracy and distribution equilibrium of anchor nodes.A convergence coverage function is constructed according to the positioning offset of anchor nodes.This method displaces the aggregated anchor nodes to enhance the coverage effect of anchor nodes and improves the coverage ability in the network initialization process.Then,combined with the parameters of anchor node coordinates and communication distance,a node deviation method based on inertia weight adjustment mechanism is designed.The inertia weight is used to deal with the deviation of anchor nodes,and the traversal scheme is used to correct the anchor nodes one by one.In this way,the deviation degree of the node is improved,and the effect of coverage balance is superior.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has higher network coverage rate and longer network lifetime than the methods of wireless sensor network technology coverage algorithm based on topology optimization coverage strategy and wireless sensor networks coverage algorithm based on energy balance and parameter controlled mechanism.