个体赋权在算法决策治理中的定位

The Position of Individual Empowerment in Automated Decision-making Governance

厘清个体赋权路径在算法决策治理中的定位才能合理界定个人权利范围和效能。算法决策治理具有双重目标,即尊重人的主体性和解决算法决策的功能性问题。个体赋权存在个体能力不足、解释意义不足、个体权利绝对化等限制,不宜将其作为解决算法决策功能性问题的主要路径。个体赋权的定位主要在于尊重人的主体性,通过构建算法“正当程序”为使用算法提供正当性基础。个体赋权的内容应当体现为通过透明权利适度提高算法透明度,以便于个人了解自动化决策并提出观点和质疑。解决算法决策功能性问题的重心应当转向以“风险预防规则”和协同治理模式为核心的个人信息影响评估,形成全过程治理。

Only by clarifying the position of individual empowerment approach in automated decision-making governance can we reasonably define the scope and efficiency of individual rights.Solving the human subjectivity concern and functional problems of automated decision-making are the dual goals in automated decision-making governance.Individual empowerment approach has limitations such as insufficient individual ability to understand algorithms,insufficient meaning of explanation for individuals,and the absoluteization of individual rights,which can not effectively solve the functional problems of the automated decision-making.The position of the individual empowerment approach is only to respect the dignity of people,and to provide a justification basis for the use of algorithms by constructing algorithmic“due process”.The content of individual empowerment should be reflected in the appropriate increase of algorithm transparency through transparent rights,so that individuals can understand automated decision-making,express their points of view,and contest the decision.The focus of solving functional problems of automated decision-making should be shifted to personal information impact assessment centered on“risk prevention rules”and collaborative governance path,forming a full-process governance.