从思想到文明:孔子及儒家文化的博物馆叙事

From Ideology to Civilization:Museum Narratives of Confucius and Confucian Culture

孔子创立的儒家学说以及在此基础上发展起来的儒家文化,对中华文明产生了深远影响。伴随清季民国以来中国从"王朝国家"向"民族国家"的转变,"除旧布新"还是"温故知新"成为国人认知儒家文化的论争焦点。当儒家文化进入博物馆,其主题叙事也存在着价值评判的内在张力。在博物馆展陈中,对儒家代表人物孔子的解读几经更易,从教育家、思想家的历史人物形象逐步扩展为中华独特文明形态的代表之一。这一历程体现了国内博物馆书写、传播历史的叙事话语权发展,也体现了儒家文化与国家主流意识形态的融合。

The Confucian theory founded by Confucius and the Confucian culture developed on this basis have a profound impact on Chinese civilization. Since modern times, in the process of China entering the “Nation-State”, whether to “expel” or “renew” has become the basic proposition for Chinese people to recognize Confucian culture. When Confucian culture enters the museum, its theme narrative also has the internal tension of value judgment. In the narrative of museum exhibition, the interpretation of Confucius,the representative figure of Confucianism, has gradually expanded from the historical figures of educator and thinker to a representative of the unique form of Chinese civilization. This process not only shows the discourse power development of domestic museums in spreading historical narrative, but also reflects the development trend of the integration of Confucian culture and national mainstream ideology.