基于三维波结构向量的飞行器姿态快速估计

Fast Estimation of Aircraft Attitude Based on 3D Wave Structure Vector

飞行器姿态测量的主要参照为重力和地磁场,其在高加速度环境中的缺点难以克服。将电磁波三维结构向量作为飞行器姿态测量的参照,根据机载电磁矢量接收阵列的姿态与接收电磁信号的变化关系建立导向矢量。通过MUSIC算法三维搜索飞行器姿态参数使得信号空间谱最大化,实现飞行器平台姿态估计。针对MUSIC算法计算量过大导致姿态估计较慢的问题,提出改进遗传算法应用于空间谱搜索。仿真实验表明该方法在保障精度和稳定性的同时,大大地缩短了飞行器姿态估计的时间。

Gravity and geomagnetic field are the main references of aircraft attitude measurement,and their shortcomings in high acceleration environment are hard to overcome.In this paper,the 3 D structure vector of electromagnetic wave is taken as the reference of aircraft attitude measurement.According to the relationship between the attitude of airborne electromagnetic vector receiving array and the received electromagnetic signal,the steering vector is established.MUSIC algorithm is used to search the attitude parameters in 3 D to maximize the signal’s spatial spectrum,so that the attitude estimation of aircraft platform is realized.Since excessive computation of MUSIC algorithm will cause slow attitude estimation,an improved Genetic Algorithm(GA) is applied to spatial spectrum search.Simulation results show that the algorithm speeds up attitude estimation while ensuring the accuracy and stability.