观察性药物流行病学研究的P值相关问题探讨

Common problems related to P-value in observational pharmacoepidemiological studies

目的探索观察性药物流行病学研究中P值相关的常见问题。方法通过文献研究结合专家经验等途径进行叙述性综述。结果在观察性药物流行病学研究中,P值的常见问题包括容易被错误解读与被人为操纵、基于P值是否小于0.05进行一刀切来判断结论是否具有统计学意义等,这些常见问题极容易损害药物流行病学研究结论的可重复性与真实有效性。结论药物流行病学研究容易出现P值的相关问题。通过综合提高对P值等基本概念的教育水平等多渠道,规范科学研究和临床实践,结合多方的联动努力,才能减缓当前P值不当使用的窘况,提高观察性药物流行病学研究结论的真实有效性与可重复性。

Objective To explore the common problems related to P-value in observational pharmacoe-pidemiological studies.Methods A combination of literature research and expert opinions was used for this review.Results The common problems related to P-value in observational pharmacoepidemiological studies included myths,misuse,manipulation and dichotomization of P-value.These problems could compromise the validity and reproducibility of findings and conclusions in pharmacoepidemiological studies.Conclusion Problems related to P-value often occur in observational pharmacoepidemiological studies.An integrated approach that involves advancing researchers’understanding of P-value,enhancing the quality and integrity of research and clinical practices,and ensuring proper use of P-value in the research community will help minimize the misuse of P-value in pharmacoepidemiological studies.