真实世界2247例应用连花清瘟胶囊的老年患者用药模式分析

Ways 2247 elderly patients use Lianhua Qingwen capsules in the real world

目的探索连花清瘟胶囊老年患者的人群特点和用药规律,为药品监测或老年患者流行病学研究提供基础资料。方法从全国18家三级甲等医院信息管理系统(HIS)中,提取2004年9月30日至2015年12月31日应用连花清瘟胶囊的老年患者的医疗数据,规范化后用Apriori算法建立模型,Clementine18.0软件进行关联规则分析。结果2247例患者年龄多分布于65~70岁之间(44.19%),男性稍多于女性,患者入院第一诊断以肺部感染(10.01%)为主,入院节气主要分布于寒露(7.43%);用药方式基本为口服(91.86%),单次用药剂量≤3 g(70.05%),疗程多在15~28 d(41.88%)。临床常联用西药有乙酰水杨酸(3.65%)、氨溴索(2.47%)、左氧氟沙星(1.92%)等,常联合的中药有丹红注射液(3.68%)、痰热清注射液(2.53%)等。结论应用连花清瘟胶囊的老年患者主要疾病为肺部感染,合并症以心脑疾病居多;需加强单次剂量规范;联合用药与指南相契合,有一定规律可循,可提供优化用药的线索。

Objective To explore the characteristics and dosing patterns of elderly patients who take Lianhua Qingwen capsules,and to provide data for drug monitoring or epidemiological studies on elderly patients.Methods The medical data on elderly patients who used Lianhua Qingwen capsules between September 30,2004 and December 31,2015 was retrieved from the information systems of 18 hospitals across China before being standardized and modeled with the Apriori algorithm.Clementine 18.0 software was used for association rule analysis.Results The age of the 2247 patients mostly ranged from 65 to 70(44.19%).There were slightly more males than females.The first diagnosis of these patients upon admission was mainly pulmonary infections(10.01%).These elders became more vulnerable around October 8 every year(7.43%).Oral medication was dominating(91.86%),and a single dose was equal or lesser than 3 g(70.05%).The duration of treatment was mostly between 15 and 28 d(41.88%).The commonly used western drugs included acetylsalicylic acid(3.65%),amiloride(2.47%),and levofloxacin(1.92%).And traditional Chinese medicines that were often used in combination with western drugs were danhong injection(3.68%)and Tanreqing injection(2.53%).Conclusion Elderly patients who use Lianhua Qingwen capsules are likely to have developed pulmonary infections,and the comorbidities are mostly cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Single-dose drug specifications need to be standardized while combined medication should comply with the guidelines.