不同种植时机在前牙外伤治疗中的效果

Effectiveness of timing of implant insertion in the treatment of traumatized anterior teeth

目的比较种植体不同的植入时机在前牙外伤治疗中的效果。方法选取2018年1月10日至2019年12月31日在福建省立医院接受种植治疗的前牙外伤患者,共计97颗种植体纳入本研究,根据种植体不同的植入时机分为I型种植组(11颗)、Ⅱ型种植组(46颗)、Ⅲ型种植组(26颗)和Ⅳ型种植组(14颗)4组,比较各组植骨率,并发症发生率,功能负载后一年的留存率及种植体周围边缘骨吸收量和种植体周围组织探诊深度。结果各组并发症发生率(χ^(2)=4.916,P=0.178)及种植体留存率(χ^(2)=3.786,P=0.286)的差异无统计学意义。各组植骨率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.686,P=0.034),Ⅱ型种植组的植骨率高于Ⅲ型种植组(P=0.015)。功能负载1年后各组在种植体周围探诊深度上差异无统计学差异(χ^(2)=5.586,P=0.134),I型种植骨吸收量最高[(0.70±0.10)mm],组间比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=23.162,P<0.05)。结论 I~Ⅳ型种植在前牙外伤中均可以获得良好的临床效果。I型种植可能面临较多的骨吸收风险,应严格把握适应证。

Objective To compare the clinical outcome of different timing of implant insertion in traumatized anterior teeth.Method All patients who received implant treatment in anterior region due to traumatic tooth loss were recruited for this retrospective study.Patients were divided into four groups (type 1,2,3,and 4 implant placement) according to different timing of implant insertion.A total number of 69 patients (97 implants) were enrolled in this study,including 11 implants for type 1 implant placement,46 for type 2 implant placement,26 for type 3 implant placement and 14 for type 4 implant placement.Complication rate,survival rate,marginal bone loss and periodontal probing depth were compared among the four groups.Result There was no statistically significant difference in complication rate (χ^(2)=4.916,P=0.178) and survival rate (χ^(2)=3.786,P=0.286) among the four groups.There was statistically significant difference in grafting rate among four groups (χ^(2)=8.686,P=0.034).Type 2 implant placement showed statistically higher grafting rate than type 3 implant placement (P=0.015).Type 1 group had the highest bone loss[(0.70±0.10)mm]after 1-year functional loading,and the difference among the four groups were statistically significant (χ^(2)=23.162,P<0.05).While,no statistically significant difference was found in probing depth among the four groups (χ^(2)=5.586,P=0.134).Conclusion The application of type 1,2,3,and 4 implant placement in traumatized anterior teeth can all obtain good clinical effect.As type 1 implant placement may have higher bone loss,it should be used under strict conditions.