参与与贡献:萨法维伊朗与早期世界贸易体系

Participation and Contribution:Safavid Iran and the Early World Trade System

16、17世纪是世界市场初见端倪、早期世界贸易体系初步形成的肇始时期,也是西欧商业资本主导的经济全球化的启动阶段。面对方兴未艾的世界市场,萨法维伊朗,一方面利用自己的地缘优势,在继承传统东西陆路贸易网络的基础上,积极拓展和参与海外贸易,增加外贸收入;另一方面抓住利用世界市场机遇,以国家主导方式进一步改善国内基础设施(驿站网络化),培育优势产业(生丝产业化),以高度专业化的国际营销手段,积极、有效地融入早期世界贸易体系。萨法维时期的伊朗成为连接和整合东亚、东南亚、西欧、地中海和环印度洋贸易圈的关键枢纽和节点,促进了东西方货物和贵金属货币的流通,为早期世界贸易体系的发展作出了独特的贡献。

The period of 16th and 17th century witnessed the beginning of the rise of the world maritime trade,the initial formation of the early world trade system and economic globalization inaugurated by the Western commercial powers.Facing the booming but unfledged world market,Safavid Iran was making its efforts to participate and expand in it on the basis of its traditional caravan trade networks.These efforts included its seizure of the market opportunity,promotion the domestic infrastructure(caravanserai system and port-building),cultivation of the advantageous industries(raw silk,raw material processing and silk-weaving textile,etc.),and active participation in the early world trade system with highly specialized international marketing strategy.Safavid Iran,thus,became the key hub and node connecting and integrating East Asia,Southeast Asia,Western Europe,the Mediterranean and the trade circle surrounding the Indian Ocean,promoted the flow of goods and silver currency between the East and the West,and made a unique contribution to the formation of the early world trade system.