政府数据开放目录制度的问题及其应对之策

Problems of the Government Data Opening Catalog System and the Countermeasures

[研究目的]目录制度作为政府数据开放的制度载体,主要源自政府推动和政治决断两个因素,其预期功效在于实现政府数据开放的具体化、衡平化和动态化。研究政府数据开放目录制度,具有现实与理论意义。[研究方法]通过对相关政策性文件和行政规范的分析,虽然政府数据开放目录制度的预期功效已经实现,但依然存在目录制度制定的权利错位、权限分散和程序欠缺的问题。[研究结果]针对目录制度存在的现实问题,需从整体上做全方位的规范设计和应对。首先,应当将公民公共数据权作为目录制度的权利定位,并以此为基础,建构和完善科学合理的目录制度;其次,合理配置政府数据开放目录制度制定权限,由国务院统一出台《政府数据开放目录管理办法》,对目录制度制定权限予以控制;最后,规范目录制度制定程序,强化公众参与目录制定的程序性机制设计,并将目录制度制定的依据、过程和结果,及时向社会公众公开。

[Research purpose]As the institutional carrier of government data opening,the catalog system is mainly derived from two factors,government promotion and political decision.Its expected effect is to realize the specific,balanced and dynamic government data opening.Research on the government data openingcatalog system has practical and theoretical significance.[Research method]Through the analysis of relevant policy documents and administrative norms,although the expected effect of the government data open catalog system been achieved,there are still problems of misplaced rights,decentralized authority,and lack of procedures in the formulation of the catalog system.[Research conclusion]In view of the practical problems of the catalog system,it is necessary to design and deal with all-around specifications as a whole.Firstly,citizens'public data rights should be regarded as the right positioning of the catalog system,and a scientific and reasonable catalog system should be constructed and improved on this basis;Secondly,rationally allocate the authority to formulate the government data open catalog system,and the State Council will uniformly promulgate the"Administrative Measures for the Government Data Open Catalogue"to control the authority to formulate the catalog system;Finally,standardize the catalog system formulation procedures,strengthen the procedural mechanism design for public participation in catalog formulation,and timely disclose the basis,process and results of the catalog system formulation to the public.