嘌呤能信号在干性年龄相关性黄斑变性中损伤作用的研究进展

Research progress of purinergic signaling in dry age-related macular degeneration

年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)是65岁以上人群重要的致盲眼病,其中干性AMD发病机制复杂,目前仍缺乏有效治疗手段。嘌呤能信号通路广泛存在于视网膜环境中,具有信号传导与神经调节的作用,其可诱导视网膜细胞死亡,调控小胶质细胞活性,参与炎症和氧化应激反应、病理沉积物的生成以及视网膜水肿等病理反应,参与干性AMD的发展过程。本文就嘌呤能信号通路组成分子在RPE、光感受器等多种视网膜细胞的死亡、小胶质细胞的活化调节、病理沉积物的生成以及炎症和氧化应激等多个干性AMD损伤机制的调控中的作用进行综述,以期为临床开展相关研究提供参考。

Age-related macular degeneration(AMD)is one of the major causes of visual loss in people over 65 years of age.There is limited treatment for dry AMD,because of its complex mechanism.Purinergic signaling has the functions of signal transduction and neuro-modulation,participates in the development of dry AMD by regulating retinal cell death,microglial activity,inflammation,pathological deposit formation and retinal edema etc.In this study,we discussed the role and mechanisms involved in dry AMD by introducing the components of the purinergic signaling pathway,and further summarized the regulation of key processes in the pathogenesis of AMD in order to provide a reference for clinical research.