农村中小学生人格特质现状调查及与全国常模的比较

Comparison of personality traits of rural primary and middle school students with the Chinese norm

目的了解农村中小学生人格特质情况,并与全国常模进行比较,为卡特尔十四种人格因素问卷(简称14PF)常模修正提供参考。方法通过自编计算机测试程序,使用随机整群抽样方法抽取江苏省某县中小学共6 844名学生进行14PF问卷的测查,各学校以班级为单位在学校电脑教室进行集体施测。结果农村小学生的14PF人格特质中男女性别在除世故性(N)、忧虑性(O)水平差异无统计学意义之外,其余12个因子上的差异均有统计学意义;与全国常模相比,小学男生除在稳定性(C)因子水平上差异无统计学意义之外,其余13个因子水平上差异均有统计学意义;而小学女生除在世故性(N)因子水平差异无统计学意义之外,其余13个因子水平上差异均有统计学意义;农村初中生的14PF人格特质中,男女性别在除稳定性(C)、兴奋性(D)、敢为性(H)和世故性(N)4个因子水平差异无统计学意义之外,其余10个因子上的差异均有统计学意义;与全国常模相比,初中男生除在稳定性(C)因子水平上差异无统计学意义之外,其余13个因子水平上差异均有统计学意义;而初中女生除在世故性(N)因子水平差异无统计学意义之外,其余13个因子水平上差异均有统计学意义;无论小学还是中学学生人格特质得分与全国常模相比均出现性别反转。结论农村中小学生的人格特质与现有全国常模有显著不同,全国常模有必要进行动态调整,制定符合现代农村学生的人格常模。

Objective To investigate the personality traits of primary and middle school students in rural regions and compare them with the national norms to provide a reference for revising the 14 Personality Factors Questionnaire(14 PF) norms. Methods A total of 6 844 primary and middle school students in a county of Jiangsu Province were selected using random cluster sampling to complete a self-reported computer-based test.The 14 PF questionnaire was conducted in a computer classroom. Results The 14 PF personality traits of rural primary school students exhibited significant differences between boys and girls in all factors except factors N and O. Compared with the national norms, there were significant differences in all factors except factor C. In primary school girls, there were significant differences in all factors except factor N. Regarding the 14 PF personality traits of rural junior middle school students, there were significant differences between boys and girls in all factors except factors C, D, H and N. Compared with the national norms, there were significant differences in all factors except factor C. In junior middle school girls, there were significant differences in all factors except factor N. Compared with the national norms, the scores of personality traits of both primary and middle school students showed the opposite relationship with gender. Conclusion The personality traits of primary and middle school students in rural areas are significantly different from the existing national norms. Thus, it is necessary to make dynamic adjustments to the national norms, and establish personality norms that are in line with modern rural students.