环境友好型润滑油中基础油的合成工艺

The Synthesis Process of Basic Oil in Environment-friendly Lubricating Oil

季戊四醇油酸酯由于无毒,易降解等优良特性,具有广阔的应用前景。但合成时,易受到化学可逆反应的影响使产品转化率下降,同时也使实际产品的产量和品质远低于工业需求。为提高产品的质量,通常加入合适的催化剂促进反应进行。文章以季戊四醇和高纯油酸作为反应原料,亚磷酸三乙酯为催化剂,制备季戊四醇油酸酯。考察了反应时间、反应温度、催化剂用量以及反应物酸醇摩尔比等对戊四醇油酸酯的酯化率的影响。结果表明,反应4 h、反应温度控制在180℃、化剂用量为反应原料总质量的3‰、油酸与季戊四醇的比例在4.2∶1.0时,更有利于反应,季戊四醇油酸酯酯化率高达92.5%。

Pentaerythritol oleic acid ester with the characteristic of no pollution is a kind of common petrochemical material which has a good prospect in the petrochemical market.But the conversion rate of the general esterif ication affected by reversible reaction is slow.The output and the quality of the production is even lower than the theoretical yield.Choosing the suitable catalysis is a common method to improve the production.In this work the oleic acid and the pentaerythritol are used as the basic material and the whole reaction is catalyzed by triethyl phosphite.Meanwhile,we have considered the affection of reaction time,temperature,the amount of the catalysis and material rate.The best conditions for the reaction have been decided at last.The suitable reaction time is 4 hours and the temperature should be controlled at 180℃.The best amount of the catalysis should be at the ratio of 3‰ and the suitable ratio of the material is 4.2∶1.0.The best esterif ication rate can reach to 92.5 under the these conditions.