血吸虫感染与炎症性肠病相互关系的研究进展

Research progress on the relationship between schistosoma infection and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)

随着炎症性肠病(IBD)在全球的发病率普遍增加,IBD的预防及治疗也逐渐成为科学界关注的热点问题之一。越来越多的研究表明,“卫生假说”可能为研究IBD疾病及其预防治疗提供方向。研究显示,寄生虫等病原体可刺激人体免疫系统,调节机体免疫应答,并营造免疫抗炎微环境,从而有效干预感染后的炎症发生发展,为包括IBD在内的自身性免疫疾病的治疗提供了研究方向。血吸虫作为机体寄生蠕虫的代表,人和动物均易感。血吸虫感染宿主后,在宿主体内完成尾蚴、童虫、成虫、虫卵的生活史,某种程度上也形成了共生关系。作为消化和泌尿系统的病原体,血吸虫可改变机体免疫微环境和肠道微生物菌群。近年来,血吸虫针对IBD治疗方面的研究也日益增加。文章从血吸虫感染与机体免疫、细胞因子和肠道菌群等方面就血吸虫感染与IBD相互关系的研究进展进行综述。

With the increasing incidence of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)in the world,the prevention and treatment of IBD has gradually become one of the hot issues in the scientific community.A growing number of studies indicate that the"hygiene hypothesis"may provide a direction for the study of IBD and its prevention and treatment.Studies have shown that parasites and other pathogens can stimulate the human immune system,regulate the body’s immune response,and create an immune anti-inflammatory microenvironment,thus effectively interfering with the development of inflammation after infection,which provides a research direction for the treatment of autoimmune diseases including IBD.Schistosomiasis is a representative of parasitic worms,and both humans and animals are susceptible.After schistosoma infects the host,it completes the life cycle of cercariae,schistosomulum,adults and eggs in the host,and also builds a symbiotic relationship to some extent.As a pathogen of digestive and urinary systems,schistosomiasis can alter the immune microenvironment and intestinal microflora.In recent years,the study of schistosomiasis for IBD treatment is increasing.In this review,the research progress on the relationship between schistosomiasis infection and IBD is reviewed from the aspects of organism immunity,cytokines and intestinal flora.