我国中老年糖尿病患者用药现状及受健康教育情况:基于CHARLS(2018)数据分析

The status of drug application and health education in middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients in China:based on CHARLS 2018 data

目的探讨我国不同年龄中老年糖尿病患者用药现状及接受糖尿病健康教育情况,为进一步开展糖尿病患者医疗服务提供依据。方法资料来源于中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS 2018)全国基线调查数据,获取2352例糖尿病患者的相关信息,分析其人口学特征、患病情况、治疗和健康教育情况。结果2352例患者中45~<60岁784例(33.33%),作为中年组;60~<75岁1250例(53.15%),作为年轻老人组,≥75岁318例(13.52%),作为老年组。3组患者婚姻、文化程度、居住地、医疗保险、养老金、养老依靠情况比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。中年组、轻年老人组患者治疗率、控糖药物使用率、西药使用率均明显低于老年组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组患者中药、胰岛素使用率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。中年组患者受健康教育率高于轻年组、老年组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论我国中老年糖尿病患者中仍有部分患者未进行控糖治疗,不同年龄糖尿病患者药物使用、受健康教育情况存在差异。

Objective To explore the drug status and diabetes health education of middle-aged and elderly patients with diabetes in different age groups,to provide a basis for further developing the medical service of diabetic patients.Methods Data were derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey(CHARLS 2018).A sample of 2352 diabetic patients were enrolled.Their prevalence of demographic characteristics,disease status,treatment and health education were analyzed.Results Among the 2352 cases,there were 784 cases(33.33%)in the middle age group,aged between 45 and 60 years old;1250 cases in the young elderly group(53.15%),aged between 60 and 75 years old;and 318 patients in the elderly group(13.52%)who were older than 74 years.Different groups had significant differences of marriage,education level,habitual residence,medical insurance,pension and pension dependency(P<0.05).The treatment rate,utilization rate of glucose-controlling drugs and western medicine in the middle-aged group and the young elderly group were significantly lower than that of the elderly group,and the difference was statistical significant(P<0.05).There was no statistical significance in the utilization rate of TCM and insulin among 3 groups(P>0.05).The rate of health education in the middle-aged group was higher than the other groups(P<0.05).Conclusion In China,there are still some middle-aged and elderly patients with diabetes who have not received the glucose control therapy,and there are differences in drug use and health education among diabetic patients of different ages.