俄罗斯哲学现代性批判思想的基本范式

The Basic Paradigm of Critical Thought on Modernity in the Russian Philosophy

反思与批判现代性是处于现代化与后现代化夹缝中的俄罗斯哲学的重要内容。俄罗斯文化作为俄罗斯哲学反思现代性的理论工具,其人文性、浪漫性、集体性和宗教性的基本特质决定了俄罗斯哲学现代性批判思想以俄罗斯哲学世界观的本体主义、生命体验、精神共性和实践意向为核心阐释原则。再加上俄罗斯哲学的终极关怀价值取向促使其对一般社会历史过程发起整体反思,在一定程度上跳出了现代性思想的思维定式来审视社会的现代化进程,呈现出后现代性建构指向。当代俄罗斯哲学在经历了苏联解体的痛苦蜕变之后,开始重新认识俄罗斯传统哲学的精神价值,其产生到走向成熟到再度复兴的演进逻辑正是对现代性的批判性反思初步洞悉到逐步深入并走向世界的过程。因此,对俄罗斯哲学现代性批判思想的理论工具、阐释原则、建构指向进行论证与分析,可充分挖掘其现代性批判范式的内在逻辑并把握其当代发展态势。

Introspecting and criticizing modernity is an important part of the Russian philosophy in and between modernization and post-modernization.As a theoretical tool to introspect modernity,the basic characteristics of Russian culture's humanity,romance,collectivity and religion determine that ontology,life experience,spiritual commonality and practical intention of Russian philosophical worldview are the core interpretive principles of the critical thought on modernity.In addition,the ultimate concern of Russian philosophy prompts it to initiate an overall reflection on the general social and historical process,and to a certain extent,it jumps out of the theoretical pattern of modernity to examine the modernization process of society,showing postmodernity orientation.After experiencing the painful transformation after the disintegration of the Soviet Union,contemporary Russian philosophy begins to reconsider the spiritual value of traditional Russian philosophy,which accords with the process of the critiques on modernity from initial insight to gradual deepening and to the world.Therefore,to demonstrate and analyze the theoretical tools,interpretive principles,and construction orientations of the modernity critical thinking in Russian philosophical can fully excavate the internal logic of its modernity critical paradigm,and grasp its contemporary development trend.