基于尺寸精度的铝合金减震器塔结构设计及优化

Structural Design and Optimization of Aluminum Alloy Shock Absorber Tower Based on Dimensional Accuracy

铝合金作为一种优质轻量化材料在轻量化车身上的应用越来越广泛,为了确保铝合金零部件的使用功能和性能,设计人员在设计前期就需要对零部件的精度进行设计分析和优化。文章基于一种压铸铝合金减震器塔的零部件,首先对该铝合金零部件精度进行分析摸底并识别出影响该铝合金零部件精度的两个关键要素,再分别针对两个关键要素进行优化设计,重点一是优化加强筋结构,以增加减震器塔本体的刚度和抗变形能力,另外是增加热处理工艺中夹具支撑块结构,通过外力支撑来增加抗变形能力。结果表明:合理的加强筋布置能有效提升减震器塔本体的刚度、强度和尺寸精度;热处理时需设计专用支撑夹具,且支撑夹具要保证所有重要安装面的支撑,避免铝合金减震器塔局部出现悬臂,通过外力支撑来防止变形。

As a kind of high quality lightweight material,aluminum alloy is used more and more widely in lightweight car body.In order to ensure the function and performance of aluminum alloy parts,in the early stage of design,designers need to analyze and optimize the precision of the components.In this paper,based on a die-casting aluminum alloy shock absorber tower components,firstly,the precision of the aluminum alloy parts is analyzed and the two key factors that affect the precision of the aluminum alloy parts are identified,and then the two key factors are optimized respectively,in order to increase the stiffness and anti-deformation capacity of the shock absorber tower,one is to increase the supporting block structure of the Heat treatment fixture,and to increase the anti-deformation capacity through the external force support.The results show that the stiffness,strength and dimensional accuracy of the shock absorber tower can be effectively improved by proper arrangement of stiffeners,and the special support fixture should be designed to ensure the support of all important mounting surfaces,avoid aluminum shock absorber tower part of the cantilever,through external support to prevent deformation.