山东省露地大葱主要害虫种群动态与诱集技术研究

Population Dynamics and Trapping Techniques of Main Pests on Open Field Scallion in Shandong Province

为了解大葱葱蓟马和甜菜夜蛾发生情况,提高防治效率,本试验对葱蓟马和甜菜夜蛾的发生动态进行调查,并探究物理诱集技术,为大葱绿色生产提供理论依据。结果表明,大葱定植期正是葱蓟马危害期,6月下旬—7月中旬和9月中旬是葱蓟马发生高峰期,大葱甜菜夜蛾的危害高峰期主要发生在7月上旬—7月中旬和9月上旬—9月中旬;葱蓟马日活动规律呈双峰曲线,高峰分别在9∶00—11∶00和15∶00—17∶00,甜菜夜蛾日活动高峰为19∶00至次日7∶00,诱集占比高达90.18%;蓝板诱集结果显示,蓝板底端距离大葱顶端0cm时诱集葱蓟马数量最多;性信息素诱集试验结果表明,性诱芯悬挂10d时诱集甜菜夜蛾的效果最好。因此,大葱生产过程中可以根据田间葱蓟马和甜菜夜蛾的发生动态,合理调整施药时间,并结合物理诱集技术,全面保障大葱绿色安全生产。

In order to know about the occurrence of Thrips alliorum(Priesner)and Spodoptera exigua Hübner in scallion field and improve the control efficiency,the experiment was conducted to mainly investigate the occurrence dynamics of Thrips alliorum and Spodoptera exigua and explore physical trapping techniques in order to provide theoretical bases for green production of scallion.The results showed that the planting period of scallion was also the period of Thrips alliorum(Priesner)damage,and the peak occurred from late June to mid-July and mid-September,while that of Spodoptera exigua was mainly from early July to mid-July and from early September to mid-September.The daily activity of Thrips alliorum presented a double-peak curve with peaks at 9∶00-11∶00 and 15∶00-17∶00,while that of Spodoptera exigua from 19∶00 in the evening to 7∶00 of the next day,and the trap accounted for 90.18%.The results of backboard trapping showed that when the hanging height was 0 cm from top of salicion plants,the number of trapped Thrips alliorum was the largest.The results of sex pheromone trapping experiments showed that when the sex lure was suspended for 10 days,the effect of trapping Spodoptera exigua was the best.Therefore,in the process of green scallion production,the application time could be adjusted reasonably according to the occurrence dynamics of Thrips alliorum and Spodoptera exigua,and the physical trap technology could be used,so the green and safe production of scallion could be fully guaranteed.