水利资金政策演变与发展趋势研究

Evolution and development trends of water resource funding policies

水利资金关系我国水利事业发展和水利工程建设运营,水利资金政策则是实现资金规范高效使用与管理的依据和保障。在梳理1980—2020年国家层面关于水利资金政策的基础上,从政策特征、政策主体、政策工具及政策主题多维度运用政策计量方法开展水利资金政策文本分析,探究了我国水利资金政策的全貌及演化规律,找寻新时代水利资金政策的发展趋势。研究发现,政策出台数量与经济社会发展进程相适应,水利现代化改革持续深化;为保证水利资金政策的制定和推行协调顺畅,发文主体以政策网络为主,且逐渐呈现多元化主体共商共治趋势;政策工具以命令控制型为主,相伴导向激励和建议辅助,由单一向组合政策工具转变;政策主题由安全性、保障性的刚性需求转变为整体性、协调性的发展需求。研究结果可为水利资金管理与高效使用提供理论参考。

The water resource fund relates to the development of water resource industry and the construction and operation of water conservancy projects in China.The water resource funding policies are the basis and guarantee for achieving standardized and efficient use and management of the fund.On the basis of the national water resource funding policies from 1980 to 2020,the policy measurement methods are used to analyze the textual analysis of water resource funding policies from the multiple dimensions such as policy characteristics,policy subjects,policy tools and policy themes.The full view and evolution law of the water resource funding policies are investigated and their development trend in the new era is explored.It is found that the number of policy documents issued is in line with the economic and social development,and the reform of water resource modernization continues to deepen.In order to ensure the smooth coordination of the formulation and implementation of water resource funding policies,the main body of the document is based on the policy community network,and there is a governance trend of diversified subjects based on consultation.The policy tools are mainly the command-and-control ones,accompanied by oriented incentives and advice assistance,and they change from a single to a combination of policy tools.The policy theme has changed from a rigid demand for safety and security to an overall and coordinated development demand.The results may provide a theoretical reference for the management and efficient use of water resource fund.