生态林下大球盖菇栽培试验

Experiment on Cultivation of Stropharia rugosoannulata under Ecological Forest

为充分利用生态林地和树枝、秸秆等资源,在房山区生态林下进行了大球盖菇栽培基质和模式试验。以玉米芯和木屑为主要原料,设计3个配方,在露天(M_(1))和遮阳网(M_(2))2种模式下进行出菇试验,对比分析了菌丝长势、生物学效率、商品菇率、投入与产出等指标。结果表明:配方F_(3)(杂木屑64%,玉米芯30%,麦麸4%,石灰2%)菌丝健壮,生物学效率最高,达到47.23%,商品菇率最高,为79.37%,商品菇成本最低,为4.34元/kg;M_(1)模式下,3个配方生物学效率分别比M_(2)模式提高18.64%、21.44%和23.87%,商品菇率分别提高25.96%、17.80%和16.32%,单位商品菇成本分别降低23.33%、19.17%和19.62%。综上所述,F_(3)配方和M_(1)模式优势明显,可根据当地资源情况,将此配方和模式进行组合优化和推广应用。

In order to make full use of the resources of ecological forest land,branches and straws,the cultivation experiment of Stropharia rugosoannulata was carried out under the ecological forest in Beijing Fangshan district.Cultivation experiments were conducted in outdoor cultivation mode(M_(1))and sunshade net cultivation mode(M_(2))by using corn cob and sawdust as main materials,and three formulas were designed.The mycelium growth vigor,biological efficiency,commercial fruit body rate,input and output were compared and analyzed.The results showed that the mycelium in formula F_(3)(mixed sawdust 64%,corn cob 30%,wheat bran 4%,lime 2%)was strong,the biological efficiency was highest with 47.23%,the commercial fruit body rate was highest with 79.37%,the cost of commercial fruit body was lowest with 4.34 yuan/kg.In cultivation mode M1,the biological efficiency of the three formulas was 18.64%,21.44% and 23.87% higher than that of cultivation mode M_(2),respectively,the commercial fruit body rate increased by 25.96%,17.80% and 16.32%,respectively,and the cost of unit commercial fruit body decreased by 23.33%,19.17% and 19.62%,respectively.In summary,the formula F_(3) and cultivation mode M_(1) had obvious advantages,which could be combined to optimize and promote applications according to the local resources.