西藏3种野生披碱草农艺性状分析

Analysis on Agronomic Characters of Three Wild Elymus in Tibet

对采自西藏不同海拔的3份野生披碱草属Elymus和2份青海引进的披碱草属Elymus材料进行农艺学性状和生产性能评价,为西藏高寒地区筛选育种材料提供理论依据。结果表明:供试的5份披碱草品种均可在拉萨地区进行生产和开发利用。采自高寒草原海拔4045m的工布江达披碱草和青海引进的青牧1号老芒麦表现出较好的生产性能,可作为饲草型牧草进行选育;采自海拔4360 m的当雄披碱草和2种青海引进的披碱草穗数较多,穗子较长,表现出较好的种子产量,其中采自海拔4360 m的当雄披碱草叶量较丰富,适口性好,可作为放牧型牧草进行选育;采自高寒草原海拔4045 m的工布江达披碱草干鲜比和干草产量较高,也可作为刈割后调制干草。

The agronomic traits and production performance of three wild Elymus collected from different altitudes in Tibet and two Elymus imported from Qinghai were evaluated,which provide theoretical basis for screening breeding materials in the alpine region of Tibet.The results showed that all the five Elymus cultivars tested can be produced and exploited in Lhasa.Gongbujiangda Elymus from the 4045 meters alpine grassland and Elymus sibiricus cv.Qinghai No 1 imported from Qinghai showed better production performance and can be bred as forage type herbage.Damxung Elymus collected from an altitude of 4360 and two species Elymus imported from Qinghai had more panicle number,longer panicle length and higher seed production.Among them,Damxung Elymus collected from an altitude of 4360 had abundant leaves and good palatability,which can be bred as grazing type forage.Gongbujiangda Elymus from the 4045 meters alpine grassland had higher yield of dry/fresh ratio and hay yield,which can be used for hay drying after mowing.