气压治疗仪预防神经外科长期卧床患者下肢深静脉血栓的疗效观察

Observation on the efficacy of air pressure therapeutic apparatus in preventing deep venous thrombosis in long-term bedridden patients in neurosurgery

目的探讨气压治疗仪预防神经外科长期卧床患者下肢深静脉血栓的临床疗效。方法94例长期卧床患者,随机分为观察组与对照组,各47例。对照组给予常规深静脉血栓干预措施,观察组在对照组基础上联合气压治疗仪治疗。比较两组治疗后1周深静脉栓子直径与发生情况,比较两组治疗前后凝血指标。结果观察组治疗后1周深静脉栓子发生率为23.40%低于对照组的42.55%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组栓子直径0.1~0.3 cm 6例,0.3~0.5 cm 4例,>0.5 cm 1例;对照组栓子直径0.1~0.3 cm 9例,0.3~0.5 cm 6例,>0.5 cm 3例。治疗后,两组D-二聚体(D-D)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平均优于本组治疗前,且观察组D-D(0.57±0.06)mg/L、PT(12.73±1.38)s、FIB(3.62±1.74)g/L,均优于对照组的(0.65±0.26)mg/L、(10.18±1.56)s、(4.54±1.56)g/L,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论神经外科长期卧床患者应用气压治疗仪后可显著减少患者下肢深静脉血栓形成,栓子直径小,患者下肢疼痛、肿胀症状等方面优于常规静脉血栓预防措施。

Objective To discuss the clinical efficacy of air pressure therapeutic apparatus in preventing deep venous thrombosis in long-term bedridden patients in neurosurgery.Methods A total of 94 cases of longterm bedridden patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 47 cases in each group.The control group received conventional deep vein thrombosis intervention measures,and the observation group was treated with air pressure therapeutic apparatus on the basis of the control group.The occurrence of deep vein thrombus 1 week after treatment,diameter of embolus,and the coagulation indexes before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results The incidence of deep vein thrombosis 1 week after treatment 23.40%in the observation group was lower than 42.55%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In the observation group,the diameter of embolus was 0.1-0.3 cm in 6 cases,0.3-0.5 cm in 4 cases and>0.5 cm in 1 case;in the control group,the diameter of embolus was 0.1-0.3 cm in 9 cases,0.3-0.5 cm in 6 cases and>0.5 cm in 3 cases.After treatment,the levels of D-dimer(DD),prothrombin time(PT)and fibrinogen(FIB)in the two groups were better than those of this group before treatment,and the DD(0.57±0.06)μg/ml,PT(12.73±1.38)s,FIB(3.62±1.74)g/L of the observation group were better than(0.65±0.26)μg/ml,PT(10.18±1.56)s,FIB(4.54±1.56)g/L of the control group.All the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of air pressure therapeutic apparatus in long-term bedridden patients in neurosurgery can significantly reduce the deep venous thrombosis,the diameter of embolus is small,and the lower limb pain and swelling symptoms of patients are better than the conventional venous thrombosis prevention measures.