哺乳动物睾丸生物钟研究进展

Research progress of mammalian testicular clock

结合已有文献报道和实验室前期积累,总结哺乳动物生物钟系统的分子调控机制和近20年来生物钟在哺乳动物睾丸组织中的研究进展,提出哺乳动物睾丸生物钟存在的证据,阐述哺乳动物睾丸生物钟调控睾酮合成、精子发生等重要的生殖生理过程,并列举衰老、应激与有害化学物质等影响睾丸生物钟的重要因素。并就目前关于睾丸生物钟维持的调控机制及其影响其他生殖辅助细胞生理功能与特定时期精子发生的研究、组织特异性及条件性敲除小鼠模型的构建进行分析,以期深入揭示其分子机理,为从睾丸生物钟角度出发寻找提高睾酮水平及精子活力、高效发挥雄性种畜生殖潜力的靶位点提供新思路。

Based on the data reported in literature and the previous experience,the molecular mechanism of mammalian circadian clock system and the research progress of testicular circadian clock within the past two decades are summarized,and the evidence of the pres-ence of the testicular circadian clock in mammals is put forward.Afterwards,a series of important reproductive physiological processes regulated by mammalian testicular circadian clock are elaborated,such as testosterone synthesis and spermatogenesis.Moreover,other important factors affecting mammalian testicular clock,such as aging,stress,and harmful chemicals,are also briefly listed.In addition,the current studies on the molecular mechanism of testicular circadian clock maintenance,its regulation of other reproductive accessory cells physiological functions and spermatogenesis within specific periods,and the construction of tissue-specific and conditional knockout mouse models are analyzed.This article advances our understanding on how to find the target sites to increase testosterone levels and sperm motility,and effectively improve the reproductive potential of male breeding animals from the perspective of testicular circadian clock.