四面受火木柱耐火性能试验研究

Experimental Study on the Fire Resistance of Wood Columns

木柱是西南民居的主要受力构件,其性能直接决定了西南民居的安全。为了对受火后木柱剩余承载力进行研究,以黔东南本地生长的杉木和松木为原材料,制作了一批短木柱,对其进行轴心压缩试验。通过对不同温度后木柱压缩性能进行试验,分析了加温温度、防火涂料对碳化速度、压缩曲线、剩余极限强度的影响。试验表明,木柱碳化速度随着温度的增加而增加,木柱剩余极限荷载随温度升高而降低;木材防火涂料能改善松木柱的耐火性性能,降低其碳化速度和提高剩余承载力。相对于杉木柱,松木柱的高温后剩余承载力更高,碳化速度更小。

Wood column is the main stress component of Southwest residential buildings,whose performance directly determines the safety of Southwest residential buildings.In order to study the carbonation and mechanical properties of wood columns after high temperature,a batch of short columns were designed and manufactured,and axial compression tests were carried out.Timber columns are made of Chinese fir and pine grown in Southeast Guizhou.Based on the analysis of compression performance of wood columns after different temperatures,the influence of heating temperature and fire-retarding paint on the charring rate,compression curve and residual ultimate strength is discussed.The test results show that the charring rate of wood columns increases with the increase of temperature,the residual ultimate load of wood columns increases with the temperature.Wood fire-retarding paint can improve the fire resistance of fir wood column,reduce its charring rate and increase its residual bearing capacity.Compared with fir columns,pine columns have the higher residual bearing capacity and lower charring rate after high temperature.