酒神崇拜在罗马的兴起及影响

The rise and influence of Dionysian worship in Rome

酒神崇拜即狄奥尼索斯崇拜,是产生于希腊本土的一种宗教崇拜仪式。公元前8世纪前后,酒神崇拜盛行于意大利南部的希腊殖民地,公元前3世纪传到罗马城,并迅速在下层民众中兴起壮大。本文主要从宗教宽容政策、社会风气的改变、女性的宗教诉求和酒神崇拜具有的吸引力四个方面分析酒神崇拜活动在罗马兴起的原因;通过崇拜仪式的举办和与世俗生活的密切关系分析酒神崇拜的罗马本土化特征,论述酒神崇拜对社会经济、文化生活的深远影响;通过对酒神崇拜的分析,剖析罗马宗教政策的实质内容及其政治功能。

Dionysian worship is a kind of religious worship ceremony produced in the Greek native area.Dionysian worship flourished in the Greek colonies of southern Italy around the 8th century B.C.,and spread to Rome in the 3rd century B.C.,where it quickly rose and grew among the lower classes.The author mainly analyzes the reasons for the rise of Dionysian worship in Rome from four aspects:the religious tolerance policy,the change of social atmosphere,the religious appeal of women and the attraction of Dionysian worship itself.Through the holding of worship ceremony and the close relationship with the secular life,this paper analyzes the localization characteristics of the Roman Dionysian worship and discusses the profound influence of the Dionysian worship on social economy and cultural life.Through the analysis of Dionysian worship,this paper analyzes the essence of Roman religious policy and its political function.