摘要
"宜机化"改造是推进丘陵山地农业机械化发展的根本之路,对其进行科学的适宜性评价能合理规划改造进程,对提高丘陵山地"宜机化"改造的效率和准度具有重要意义。本文选取高程、坡度和地块破碎度等3个地形限制因素,以重庆市各区县为评价单元,结合GIS空间分析功能及数据包络法(DEA),对耕地进行"宜机化"改造适宜性评价。结果表明:1)重庆市耕地小而碎,主要分布在中部和西部。2)耕地主要分布在坡度为6°~15°、海拔高度为200~500 m区域,其中海拔在300~400 m范围内的耕地是"宜机化"改造最理想的区域,占主要耕地的48.88%。3)通过自然间断点分级法(Jenks)将综合地形复杂度指数分段后得到6个适宜程度:非常适宜、适宜、比较适宜、比较不适宜、不适宜和非常不适宜;低于平均地形复杂度指数值的区县共25个,包括处于非常适宜区的潼南区等9个区县、处于适宜区的璧山区等7个区县和处于比较适宜区的綦江区等9个区县。评价结果与重庆市地貌格局高度重合,建议优先考虑在适宜性程度高的区县进行"宜机化"改造。因此,在GIS空间分析功能的支撑下,基于地形复杂度的适宜性评价方法能有效评价丘陵山地耕地"宜机化"改造的适宜性,对耕地坡度<15°的区域进行"宜机化"改造将大大提升重庆市农业机械化程度,重庆市耕地"宜机化"改造潜力大。
Suitable-for-mechanization transformation is the fundamental way to promote the development of agricultural mechanization in hilly areas. Scientific evaluation of its suitability can reasonably plan the transformation process, which is significant in improving the efficiency and accuracy of agriculture mechanized transformation in hilly areas. The study selected three topographic limiting factors: elevation, slope and fragmentation with different districts and counties in Chongqing as evaluation units, to evaluate the suitability of suitable-for-mechanization transformation of cultivated land by integrating GIS spatial analysis function and data envelopment method(DEA). The results showed that: 1) the cultivated land plots in Chongqing was small and fragmented, mainly distributed in the central and western regions. The area and density of cultivated land in the eastern part of Chongqing were obviously less than that in other regions, consistent with the topography of high in the east and low in the west. The spatial distribution characteristics of paddy field and cultivated land were similar, and the terrain requirement of dryland was lower than that of paddy field. 2) The cultivated land was mainly distributed in the slope of 6°-15° and the elevation of 200-500 m, among which the cultivated land with the elevation of 300-400 m was the most ideal area for mechanization transformation, accounting for 48.88% of the main cultivated land. 3) According to the classification method of natural disjunctions(Jenks), the comprehensive topographical complexity index was segmented into six sections of the suitability degree of mechanization reconstruction in Chongqing City including very suitable,suitable, relatively suitable, relatively unsuitable, unsuitable and very unsuitable. The average value of terrain complexity index of each district and county was 0.925, and a total of 25 districts and counties were below that index, including 9 districts and counties in the very suitable area such as Tongnan District, 7 districts and counties in the suitable area such as Bishan District, and 9 districts and counties in the relatively suitable area such as Qijiang District, which were relatively suitable. The evaluation results, which consider the limiting factors of developing the agricultural mechanization of hilly areas, were highly coincident with the actual geomorphic layout of Chongqing City, which was conducive to group integrated development. So it is suggested that the places with high suitability should be given priority for mechanization reconstruction for further landing. Therefore, the suitability evaluation method based on the terrain complexity can effectively evaluate the suitability of hilly mountain land in reconstructing appropriate machine for cultivated land, with the support of GIS spatial analysis function. Futrthermore, the appropriate machine renovation for the cultivated land located in a region of gradient less than 15° will greatly improve the degree of agricultural mechanization in Chongqing municipality;thus, the appropriate machine reconstruction for cultivated land is potential.
作者
李伶俐
李江文
钟守琴
杨朝现
魏朝富
LI Lingli;LI Jiangwen;ZHONG Shouqin;YANG Chaoxian;WEI Chaofu(College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)
出处
《中国生态农业学报(中英文)》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期302-313,共12页
Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42171257)
三峡后续工作科研项目(5001022019CF50001-04)资助。
关键词
重庆市
地形复杂度
宜机化
适宜性评价
Chongqing City
Terrain complexity
Suitable for mechanization
Suitability evaluation