论《个人信息保护法》中的删除权

On the Right to Erasure in Personal Information Protection Law

删除权是个人在个人信息处理活动中的一项重要权利,该权利是个人对其个人信息处理活动享有决定权的具体体现,也是对目的限制原则与合法原则的贯彻落实。在我国法已经对删除权、网络侵权责任中通知删除规则以及对合法公开的个人信息的处理等作出了明确规定的情形下,无需规定被遗忘权。删除权不同于自然人撤回同意以及网络侵权责任中的通知删除规则。删除权的权利主体是个人,义务主体是个人信息处理者。在符合《个人信息保护法》第47条规定的情形时,个人信息处理者应当主动删除个人信息,个人也有权请求处理者删除。如果法律、行政法规规定的保存期限尚未届满或者删除个人信息从技术上难以实现的,个人不得行使删除权,但是个人信息处理者应当停止除储存和采取必要的安全保护措施以外的处理活动。如果个人信息处理者拒绝个人行使删除权的请求,个人可以向法院提起诉讼,从而实现对删除权的司法保护。

The right to erasure is an important right of individuals in personal information processing activities,which is a concrete manifestation of the right of individuals to decide on their personal information processing activities and the implementation of the principle of purpose limitation and the principle of lawfulness.In the case that our law has made clear provisions on the right to erasure,the rules of notification of deletion in online tort liability and the handling of lawfully disclosed personal information,there is no need to provide for the right to be forgotten.The right to erasure is different from the notice deletion rules in the withdrawal of consent by natural persons and network tort liability.The subject of the right to erasure is the individual,and the subject of obligation is the processor of personal information.The processor shall take the initiative to delete personal information when the circumstances specified in Article 47 of the Personal Information Protection Law are met,and the individual also has the right to request the processor to delete it.If the retention period stipulated by laws and administrative regulations has not yet expired or the deletion of personal information is technically difficult to achieve,the individual shall not exercise the right to delete,but the processor of personal information shall stop processing activities other than storing and taking the necessary safety measures.If the processor refuses the individual’s request to exercise the right of deletion,the individual can file a lawsuit in court,thus achieving judicial protection of the right to erasure.