从几个节点看1920—1930年代招商局政企关系演变

On the Relationship Between Government and China Merchants Company from 1920s to 1930s Based on Several Key Events

1920—1930年代的招商局政企关系起伏较大,影响深远。该局虽然能够抵制北洋政府“查办”,却被国民政府先“清查”,后“国营”,最后收归“国有”。此间的各方往来及因应互动,反映了政企之间从“合作博弈”向“非合作博弈”的过渡。影响招商局政企关系走向的既有“政”的因素,也有“企”的因素。招商局面对北洋政府和国民政府干涉的不同结局,为长时段观察中国近代政企关系走向提供了较好的案例。

The relationship between the government and China Merchants Company in the 1920s and 1930s fluctuated greatly and had a far-reaching effect.Although China Merchants Company was able to resist the“inves⁃tigation”of the Beiyang Government,it was first“checked”,then“state-run”,and finally“nationalized”by the National Government.The interactions between the parties during this period and their corresponding responses reflect the transition from a“cooperative game”to a“non-cooperative game”between the government and the en⁃terprises.The relationship between the government and China Merchants Group is influenced by both the“politi⁃cal”and“corporate”factors.The different outcomes of China Merchants Company in the face of the intervention of the Beiyang Government and the National Government provide a good case to observe the trend of the relationship between government and enterprises in modern China for a long time.