分娩前饲喂包被氯化钙对母猪产程和死胎的影响

Effects of Feeding Coated Calcium Chloride before Farrowing on Duration of Farrowing and Stillbirth of Sows

本试验旨在研究分娩前饲喂包被氯化钙对母猪产程和死胎的影响。选取913头妊娠109 d丹系长×大和大×长二元杂交母猪,根据体况和胎次接近的原则分成3组。对照组于妊娠109 d至分娩当天每天饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组在基础饲粮的基础上分别额外饲喂25和50 g/d包被氯化钙。饲养试验从妊娠109 d到分娩当天。试验过程中每天进行粪便评分,于分娩当天记录试验母猪产程、产仔数和死胎数,并采集尿液和血液分别用于测定尿液pH和血清钙离子浓度。结果表明:1)总产仔数和分娩前饲喂包被氯化钙对母猪死胎数无显著交互作用(P>0.05);试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组死胎数分别为0.31和0.28头,显著低于对照组的0.44头(P<0.05),但试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)试验Ⅰ组母猪产程相较于对照组显著缩短(P<0.05),而试验Ⅱ组产程相较于对照组无显著差异(P>0.05);3组母猪胎盘排出时间之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)3组母猪妊娠109 d和分娩当天尿液pH之间无显著差异(P>0.05);妊娠110 d到妊娠113 d,对照组和试验Ⅰ组尿液pH无显著差异(P>0.05),试验Ⅱ组尿液pH显著低于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验组母猪血清钙离子浓度显著提高(P<0.05),妊娠112 d和分娩当天粪便评分显著降低(P<0.05);3组母猪便秘率之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上所述,母猪妊娠109 d至分娩前饲喂25 g/d包被氯化钙可显著缩短产程,减少死胎,而且该效果不受母猪总产仔数的影响,该调控效果与其提高血液钙离子浓度有关。

This study was designed to investigate the effects of feeding coated calcium chloride before farrowing on duration of farrowing and stillbirth of sows.A total of 913 Danish Landrace×Yorkshire and Yorkshire×Landrace crossbred pregnant sows at 109 days of gestation were divided into 3 groups according to the principle of similar body condition and fetal parity.Sows in the control group were fed a basal diet every day from day 109 of gestation to the day of farrowing,and those in the experimental groupsⅠandⅡwere fed the basal diet supplemented with 25 and 50 g/d coated calcium chloride,respectively.The feeding trail was conducted from day 109 of gestation to the day of farrowing.During the experiment,fecal score was conducted every day.On the day of farrowing,the duration of farrowing,number born and stillbirth number of the experimental sows were recorded.Urine and blood were collected for the determination of urine pH and serum calcium ion concentration respectively.The results showed as follows:l)there was not a significant interaction effect between feeding coated calcium chloride before farrowing and number born on stillbirth number of sows(P>0.05).The stillbirth numbers in the experimental groupsⅠandⅡwere 0.31 and 0.28,respectively,which were significantly less than that of 0.44 in the control group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between experimental groupsⅠandⅡ(P>0.05).2)The duration of farrowing of sows in the experimental groupⅠwas significantly shorter than that in the control group(P<0.05),while the duration of farrowing in experimental groupⅡwas not significantly different from that in the control group(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the placenta expulsion time among the three groups(P>0.05).3)There was no significant difference in urine pH of sows among the three groups on day 109 of gestation and the day of farrowing(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in urine pH between the control group and the experimental groupⅠfrom day 110 to day 113 of gestation,while the urine pH in the experimental groupⅡwas significantly lower than that in the control group and the experimental groupⅠ(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the serum calcium ion concentration of sows in the experimental groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the feces score on day 112 of gestation and the day of farrowing was significantly decreased(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the constipation rate of sows among the three groups(P>0.05).In conclusion,feeding coated calcium chloride with 25 g/d on day 109 of gestation to farrowing for sows can significantly decrease the duration of farrowing and reduce the stillbirth,moreover the effect is not affected by the number born in total of sows,and the regulation effect may be related to the increase of blood calcium ion concentration.