复合乳酸菌制剂对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、胃肠道pH、肠道形态和盲肠微生物的影响

Effects of Compound Lactobacillus Preparation on Growth Performance,Gastrointestinal pH,Intestinal Morphology and Cecal Microorganism of Yellow-Feathered Broilers

本研究旨在探究复合乳酸菌制剂(CLP)对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、组织器官指数、胃肠道pH、肠道形态以及盲肠微生物数量的影响。选取1日龄体重相近、健康状况良好的黄羽肉鸡母鸡2100只,随机分成5组,每组6个重复,每个重复70只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,抗生素组在基础饲粮中添加120 mg/kg的恩拉霉素,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.1%、0.2%和0.3%的复合乳酸菌制剂。试验期72 d,分为1~25日龄、26~50日龄和51~72日龄3个阶段。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,抗生素组肉鸡各阶段平均日采食量(ADFI)在数值上有所提高(P>0.05);1~72日龄,0.3%复合乳酸菌制剂组肉鸡ADFI显著降低(P<0.05)。与抗生素组相比,1~25日龄、26~50日龄和1~72日龄,0.3%复合乳酸菌制剂组肉鸡ADFI显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,26~50日龄,抗生素组和各复合乳酸菌制剂组肉鸡料重比均显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与抗生素组相比,0.1%复合乳酸菌制剂组肉鸡脾脏指数显著提高(P<0.05),0.2%复合乳酸菌制剂组法氏囊指数显著提高(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,0.3%复合乳酸菌制剂组肉鸡腺胃pH显著降低(P<0.05),0.2%和0.3%复合乳酸菌制剂组十二指肠pH显著降低(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,抗生素组和0.3%复合乳酸菌制剂组肉鸡空肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值显著提高(P<0.05)。5)与对照组相比,0.3%复合乳酸菌制剂组肉鸡盲肠大肠杆菌数量显著减少(P<0.05),且显著低于0.1%复合乳酸菌制剂组(P<0.05)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,饲粮添加复合乳酸菌制剂可以提高黄羽肉鸡免疫器官指数,降低胃肠道pH,改善肠道黏膜形态并调节盲肠微生物平衡,从而降低肉鸡料重比,提高饲料转化效率,且以0.3%添加水平效果较好。

This experiment was conducted to explore the effects of compound Lactobacillus preparation(CLP)on growth performance,tissue organ indices,gastrointestinal pH,intestinal morphology and cecal microorganism number of yellow-feathered broilers.Two thousand and one hundred healthy yellow-feathered broilers of 1-day-old with similar body weight were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 70 broilers per replicate.Broilers in the control group were fed a basal diet,those in the antibiotic group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 120 mg/kg enramycin,and those in the experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 0.1%,0.2%and 0.3%CLP,respectively.The experimental period was 72 days,which was divided into three stages as 1 to 25,26 to 50 and 51 to 72 days of age.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the average daily feed intake(ADFI)of broilers in the antibiotic group increased numerically in each stage(P<0.05),and the ADFI of broilers in the 0.3%CLP group from 1 to 72 days of age was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the antibiotic group,the ADFI of broilers in the 0.3%CLP group from 1 to 25,26 to 50 and 1 to 72 days of age was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the feed to gain ratio in the antibiotic group and all CLP groups from 26 to 50 days of age was significantly decreased(P<0.05).2)Compared with the antibiotic group,the spleen index of broilers in the 0.1%CLP group and the bursa of Fabricius index in the 0.2%CLP group were significantly increased(P<0.05).3)Compared with the control group,the pH in glandular stomach of broilers in the 0.3%CLP group and the pH in duodenum in the 0.2%and 0.3%CLP groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05).4)Compared with the control group,the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in jejunum of broilers in the antibiotic group and 0.3%CLP group was significantly increased(P<0.05).5)Compared with the control group,the Escherichia coli number in cecum of broilers in the 0.3%CLP group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and was significantly lower than that in the 0.1%CLP group(P<0.05).It is concluded that under the conditions of this experiment,adding CLP in diets can increase the immune organ index,decrease the gastrointestinal pH,improve the intestinal mucosa morphology and regulate the cecal microorganism balance of yellow-feathered broilers,so as to reduce the feed to gain ratio,improve the feed conversion efficiency of broilers,and the supplement level of 0.3%has a better benefit.