饲粮中联合添加牛至精油和抗菌肽对肉兔生长性能和肠道屏障的影响

Effects of Combined Dietary Oregano Essential Oil and Antimicrobial Peptides on Growth Performance and Intestinal Barrier in Meat Rabbits

本试验旨在研究饲粮中联合添加牛至精油和抗菌肽对生长肉兔生长性能和肠道屏障的影响。试验选用324只初始体重相近的38日龄健康断奶肉兔,随机分为2组,每组9个重复,每个重复18只兔。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中联合添加0.08%的牛至精油和0.15%的抗菌肽。试验期为30 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验组肉兔的平均日增重显著增加(P<0.05),料重比和腹泻率显著降低(P<0.05);试验组空肠和回肠的绒毛高度及回肠的绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著增加(P<0.05);饲粮联合添加牛至精油和抗菌肽显著增加空肠中闭合蛋白1(Claudin1)和连接黏附分子3基因相对表达量(P<0.05),同时也显著降低了回肠中Claudin1基因相对表达量(P<0.05);饲粮联合添加牛至精油和抗菌肽显著升高了空肠中白细胞介素-10和回肠中分泌型免疫球蛋白G的含量(P<0.05),却显著降低了空肠中肿瘤坏死因子-α的含量(P<0.05)。综上所述,在饲粮中联合添加0.08%牛至精油及0.15%抗菌肽提高了肉兔的平均日增重,降低了肉兔的料重比和腹泻率,提高了肠道的机械屏障和免疫屏障,提高了机体免疫力。

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of combined dietary oregano essential oil and antimicrobial peptides on growth performance and intestinal barrier in meat rabbits.Three hundred and twenty-four healthy weaned meat rabbits(35-day-old)with similar initial body weight were randomly divided into two groups(nine replicates per group,18 rabbits in each replicate):control group fed a basal diet and experiment group fed the basal diet with an addition of 0.08%oregano essential oil and 0.15%antimicrobial peptide.The test period was 30 days.The results showed that combined dietary oregano essential oil and antimicrobial peptide significantly increased the average daily body weight(P<0.05),but decreased the rabbit feed/gain and diarrhea rate(P<0.05)compared with the control group.The villus height of jejunum and ileum,as well as the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in ileum were significantly increased after oregano essential oil and antimicrobial peptide treatment(P<0.05).Combined dietary oregano essential oil and antimicrobial peptide significantly increased the relative expression levels of Claudin1 and connect the adhesion molecule 3(JAM3)genes in jejunum(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the relative expression level of Claudin1 gene in ileum(P<0.05).Combined dietary oregano essential oil and antimicrobial peptide treatment significantly increased the contents of interleukin-10 and secreted immunoglobulin G in jejunum(P<0.05),but significantly decreased the content of tumor necrosis factor-αin jejunum(P<0.05).In conclusion,combined dietary 0.08%oregano essential oil and 0.15%antimicrobial peptide can increase the average daily body weight,reduce the diarrhea rate of meat rabbits,improve the intestinal mechanical barrier and immune barrier,and improve the body immunity.