基于改进RSEI模型的矿业城市生态环境质量变化研究

Study on the Changes of Ecological Environment Quality of Mining City Based on Improved RSEI Model

RSEI模型已越来越多地应用于区域生态环境质量演变研究,然而RSEI模型也存在一些不足,不同年份间绿度、湿度、干度、热度指标,以及耦合RSEI值并不一定具有可比性。针对这一问题,选取伪不变地物为基准对指标值进行年间修正,并将修正后的指标值进行多期数据的综合主成分分析,建立不同年份间统一的RSEI评价模型。大冶市2013-2018年生态环境质量变化结果显示:(1)2013年、2018年大冶市RSEI均值分别为0.571,0.536,等级均为一般且呈下降趋势;(2)生态环境质量变好的区域分布在大冶市西北部矿区、北部旧城区和交通沿线,主要得益于矿区生态修复、旧城区绿化改造及交通用地的自然恢复;生态环境质量变差的区域包括大冶市城区和各乡镇的扩张部分,主要由于建设用地的增加;(3)矿区对生态环境质量的影响范围为4 km左右,随着缓冲区半径的增加,生态环境质量逐渐变好。

Remote sensing ecological index(RSEI) model has been applied increasingly to study the evolution of regional ecological environment quality. However, RSEI model also has some shortcomings. The indicators of greenness, humidity, dryness, heat and coupled RSEI values in different years are not necessarily comparable. To solve this problem, pseudo-invariant features were selected as the benchmark to conduct annual correction of the index value, and the revised index values were analyzed by comprehensive principal component analysis of multi-period data, so as to establish an unified RSEI evaluation model between different years. The results of ecological and environmental quality change in Daye City from 2013 to 2018 are concluded as follows.(1) The average RSEI of Daye City in the year of 2013 and 2018 are 0.571 and 0.536 respectively, and the grades are general and show a downward trend.(2) The areas with improved ecological environmental quality are distributed in the northwest mining area, the northern old urban area and along the expressway of Daye City, which are mainly benefited from the ecological restoration of mining areas, the greening reconstruction of the old urban area and the natural restoration around the transportation land. The areas with poor ecological environment quality include the urban area of Daye City and the expansion of villages and towns, mainly due to the increase of construction land.(3) The impact range of the mining area on the ecological environment quality is about 4 km. With the increase of the radius of the buffer zone, the ecological environment quality gradually improves.