鹿角杜鹃开花过程中挥发性成分的变化

Changes of Volatile Components from Rhododendron latoucheae Flower at Four Phases

利用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱法,对鹿角杜鹃Rhododendron latoucheae花朵在花蕾期、半开放期、盛开期及凋落期4个开花期的挥发性成分进行了定性和相对定量分析,研究了鹿角杜鹃花香成分的种类和变化情况。结果表明,在鹿角杜鹃花朵开放的4个时期中共检测出37种挥发性成分,这些挥发性成分种类在开花过程中呈升高-降低的变化趋势,其中,盛开期花朵挥发性成分的种类最多,有26种;花蕾期和半开放期花朵挥发性成分的种类最少,只有18种;鹿角杜鹃4个开花时期花朵的挥发性成分均以烯烃类化合物为主,分别占总化合物数量的71.32%、61.60%、51.02%、84.85%,其中罗勒烯和反式石竹烯是含量最高的两种化合物,是鹿角杜鹃的特征香气成分。鹿角杜鹃的特征花香成分比较常见,适合在庭院、公园中应用。

Rhododendron latoucheae flowers at phase of bud, half-open, blooming and withering were collected in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province from April 12 th to 15 th 2020. Determinations were carried out on qualitative and relative quantitative volatile components from flowers by HS-SPME-GC-MS. The results indicated that 37 volatile components were identified, which showed increase-decrease trend at the flowering process.The flower at blooming had the most types(26) of volatile components, while that at phase of bud and half-open had the least, only 18. The volatile components were dominated by alkene at four phases, which occupied 71.32%, 61.60%, 51.02% and 84.85%, respectively. Ocimene and caryophyllene had the highest content, which were specific aroma component.