高效高质量铣削参数多目标优化方法研究

Study on the multi-objective optimization method for efficient and high-quality milling parameters

机床的切削参数决定着机床加工的质量及加工效率,传统的切削参数选择方法基于工人经验,很难实现加工质量与效率的最优。针对以上问题,提出了一种面向高效、高质量加工的数控机床铣削参数多目标优化算法。算法以铣削四要素(切削速度、每齿进给量、切削深度和切削宽度)为优化变量,以最小切削力和最大材料去除率为优化目标;采用基于Tent映射的混沌初始化多目标粒子群优化模型进行参数优化,采用优化前后不同参数组合构建四因素四水平的正交实验,以表面粗糙度值作为加工质量主要表征,比较优化前后参数组合的实验结果。结果验证了优化方法和优化模型的有效性。

Aiming at the multi-objective optimization problem of milling parameters of CNC machine tools,a multi-objective optimization method for milling parameters of CNC machine tools with high efficiency and quality is proposed.Firstly,a multi-objective optimization scheme with cutting speed,feed per tooth,cutting depth and cutting width as optimization variables and minimum cutting force and maximum material removal rate as objectives is constructed.Then the chaos initialization multi-objective particle swarm optimization model based on tent map is used to optimize the parameters.Finally,the orthogonal experiment with four factors and four levels is established,and the results are compared with the optimized parameters.The experimental results show that the optimization scheme is feasible and the optimization model is reliable.