“法”与“制”:浅析“强国之术”中秦国商业的管理与运营

"Law" and "System":An Analysis of the Management and Operation of Qin State’s Business in "Strengthening the Country"

公元前381年,商鞅遂入秦国,说与孝公"强国之术",并开始变法。在商鞅制定的《秦律》之中,对于商业有着较为完善且成熟的法律体系和管理制度。这种商业政策,并不是简单纯粹的"抑商"或"不抑商"能够一言以蔽之的,其实质上是"法"商与"制"商,即围绕"强国之术"之"富国强兵"的根本目的,将商业纳入法律体系及制度建设,形成了在商业领域的法律制度,是对秦国商业管理、运营的一次顶层设计与调控。

In 381 BC, Shang Yang entered the State of Qin and talked about the " technique of strengthening the country" with Duke Xiao and began to reform. In the " Law of Qin" formulated by Shang Yang, there is a relatively complete and mature legal system and management system for business. This kind of commercial policy is not simply " suppressing business" or " not suppressing business" can be summed up in a word. The fundamental purpose of " enriching the country and strengthening the army" is to incorporate commerce into the legal system and system construction, forming a legal system in the commercial field, and it is a top-level design and regulation of the business management and operation of Qin State.